每日一詞∣人均可支配收入per capita disposable income
中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng) 2019-08-19 08:45
由于中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的穩(wěn)步發(fā)展,70年來(lái)我國(guó)居民人均可支配收入大幅增長(zhǎng)。國(guó)家統(tǒng)計(jì)局發(fā)布的報(bào)告顯示,1949年我國(guó)居民人均可支配收入僅為49.7元,2018年居民人均可支配收入達(dá)到28228元,扣除物價(jià)因素實(shí)際增長(zhǎng)59.2倍。
Chinese residents saw their per capita disposable income surge during the past seven decades thanks to the country's steady economic expansion. The per capita disposable income stood at about 49.7 yuan in 1949, and topped 28,228 yuan in 2018, registering a growth of 59.2 times factoring in inflation, a report from the National Bureau of Statistics (NBS) showed.
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】
國(guó)家統(tǒng)計(jì)局日前發(fā)布《新中國(guó)成立70周年經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展成就系列報(bào)告之十四》。報(bào)告顯示,70年來(lái)特別是改革開(kāi)放以來(lái),城鄉(xiāng)居民收入大幅增長(zhǎng),居民消費(fèi)水平明顯提升。
黨的十八大以來(lái),收入分配制度改革全面深化實(shí)施,重點(diǎn)群體收入增長(zhǎng)措施持續(xù)發(fā)力,精準(zhǔn)扶貧精準(zhǔn)脫貧政策深入推進(jìn),對(duì)城鄉(xiāng)居民的收入增加起到至關(guān)重要的作用。城鎮(zhèn)居民人均可支配收入從2013年的26467元增加到2018年的39251元,年均實(shí)際增長(zhǎng)6.3%。農(nóng)村居民人均可支配收入從2013年的9430元增加到2018年的14617元,年均實(shí)際增長(zhǎng)7.7%。
伴隨著城鄉(xiāng)居民收入的跨越式增長(zhǎng),城鄉(xiāng)居民的收入來(lái)源也從單一走向多元。黨的十八大以來(lái),黨和政府高度重視收入分配問(wèn)題,著力深化收入分配制度改革,城鄉(xiāng)和區(qū)域收入差距持續(xù)縮小,收入分配格局明顯改善。城鎮(zhèn)居民工資性收入不再占據(jù)絕對(duì)主體,經(jīng)營(yíng)、財(cái)產(chǎn)和轉(zhuǎn)移收入比重增加。農(nóng)村居民收入來(lái)源由集體工分收入和家庭經(jīng)營(yíng)收入為主轉(zhuǎn)為家庭經(jīng)營(yíng)、工資和轉(zhuǎn)移收入并駕齊驅(qū)。
【重要講話】
40年來(lái),中國(guó)人民聚焦發(fā)展、造福人民,堅(jiān)持以人民為中心的發(fā)展思想,從1978年到2017年,中國(guó)人均可支配收入增長(zhǎng)22.8倍,貧困人口減少了7.4億,就業(yè)人員翻了一番,城鄉(xiāng)免費(fèi)義務(wù)教育全面實(shí)現(xiàn),世界上覆蓋人口最多的社會(huì)保障體系基本建立,中國(guó)人民的獲得感、幸福感、安全感顯著提高。
Over the past 40 years, the Chinese people have pursued development with a single focus and made lives better for ourselves. Guided by a people-centered development philosophy, between 1978 and 2017 China raised its per capita disposable income by 22.8 times, lifted 740 million people out of poverty and doubled the number of jobs created. We have achieved free compulsory primary and middle-school education nationwide and established the world’s biggest social safety net. Thanks to these accomplishments, our people now feel more secure and have a greater sense of fulfillment and contentment.
——2018年11月17日,習(xí)近平在亞太經(jīng)合組織工商領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人峰會(huì)上的演講
【相關(guān)詞匯】
個(gè)人所得稅起征點(diǎn)
the threshold for individual income tax
收入分配制度改革
reform of the income distribution system
結(jié)構(gòu)性去杠桿
structural deleveraging