媒體英語(yǔ)
Left-handed DNA found 科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn) “左撇子基因”
科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)了第一個(gè)與左撇子有關(guān)的基因指令。這些指令似乎還與大腦的結(jié)構(gòu)和功能密切相連，尤其是與語(yǔ)言有關(guān)的區(qū)域。
Around one in ten of us is left-handed - but why? A team at the University of Oxford analysed 400,000 people's DNA. They then compared lefties and righties in a giant game of genetic spot-the-difference.
每十個(gè)人中就有一個(gè)人是左撇子，但這是為什么呢？牛津大學(xué)的一個(gè)研究小組分析了 40 萬(wàn)人的 DNA（脫氧核糖核酸）。然后，他們通過(guò)一個(gè)基因 “找不同” 游戲?qū)ψ笃沧雍土?xí)慣用右手的人進(jìn)行了比較。
They found four genetic instructions that influenced left-handedness. These seem to work by altering how the brain develops. They're involved in building the intricate "scaffolding", known as the cytoskeleton that organises the inside of our body’s cells and culminate in a brain that is wired differently in left-handed people. Scans showed regions of the brain involved in language were better connected and more coordinated as a result.
他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了影響左撇子的四種基因指令。這些指令似乎是通過(guò)改變大腦的發(fā)育來(lái)起作用的。指令參與構(gòu)建復(fù)雜的 “腳手架”，即細(xì)胞骨架，它組織我們體內(nèi)的細(xì)胞，最終形成一個(gè)構(gòu)造有別于慣用右手的人的左撇子大腦。掃描結(jié)果顯示，左撇子的大腦中與語(yǔ)言有關(guān)的區(qū)域連接得更好，也更協(xié)調(diào)。
The researchers speculate the findings may give left-handed people greater verbal skills. The study also showed slightly higher risks of schizophrenia and slightly lower risks of Parkinson's disease in left-handed people.
研究人員推測(cè)，這些發(fā)現(xiàn)可能證實(shí)左撇子擁有更強(qiáng)的語(yǔ)言能力。此項(xiàng)研究還顯示，左撇子患精神分裂癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)略高，患帕金森病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)略低。
詞匯
left-handed 慣用左手的
lefties 慣用左手的人
righties 慣用右手的人
genetic 基因的，遺傳信息的
spot-the-difference 找不同
instructions （基因）指令
intricate 錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜的
scaffolding 腳手架（這里指細(xì)胞組建）
cytoskeleton 細(xì)胞骨架
culminate in 以……告終
wired （大腦的）構(gòu)造
coordinated 協(xié)調(diào)的
verbal skills 言語(yǔ)技能
schizophrenia 精神分裂癥
Parkinson's disease 帕金森病
閱讀理解：請(qǐng)?jiān)谧x完上文后，回答下列問(wèn)題。
1. True or false? In every ten people, around two are left-handed.
2. How did the researchers conduct the study?
3. Based on the scans, which regions of a left-handed person’s brain were better connected and more coordinated?
4. Which word in the text means ‘slightly changing or modifying’?
答案
1. True or false? In every ten people, around two are left-handed.
False. According to the text, in every ten people, around one is left-handed.
2. How did the researchers conduct the study?
They conducted the study by analysing 400,000 people’s DNA and then comparing lefties and righties in a giant game of genetic spot-the-difference.
3. Based on the scans, which regions of a left-handed person’s brain were better connected and more coordinated?
The regions involved in language were better connected and more coordinated, according to the scans.
4. Which word in the text means ‘slightly changing or modifying’?
Altering. ('These seem to work by altering how the brain develops.')
