彭博社記者：新冠肺炎疫情仍然是未解之謎，科學(xué)家認(rèn)為找到該問題的答案有助于預(yù)防未來大流行病的發(fā)生。有人呼吁就源頭問題開展國際審議。中方對(duì)調(diào)查持何立場？您認(rèn)為這樣的調(diào)查應(yīng)該達(dá)到什么目的？應(yīng)該避免什么問題？

Bloomberg News: The origins of COVID-19 are still a mystery. Scientists think if we can find out where it came from, we could prevent future pandemics. There have been calls for an international independent inquiry into the origins. What is China’s stance on how such an inquiry should be carried out? What should such an inquiry do and what should it not do?

李克強(qiáng)：中國和許多國家都主張對(duì)病毒進(jìn)行溯源。前不久召開的世衛(wèi)大會(huì)通過了有關(guān)決議，中國也參與了。因?yàn)榭茖W(xué)溯源可以更好地防控疫情，也是為了世界各國人民的生命健康。

Premier Li: China and many countries believe that it is important to get a clear idea about the sources of the coronavirus. At the recently held World Health Assembly, a resolution was adopted, and China is one of the co-sponsors of this resolution. We believe that getting clear about the sources of the virus on the basis of science will help us better carry out containment of COVID-19, and also contribute to protecting life and health of people around the world.

這次疫情突如其來，對(duì)人類來說是個(gè)全新的傳染病，到現(xiàn)在可以說還是未知大于已知。病毒是沒有國界的，它是全世界、全人類的敵人。各國都在進(jìn)行防控，在探索中前進(jìn)，目前還沒有完整的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。我們要控制住疫情的發(fā)展，加快疫苗、有效藥物、檢測試劑研發(fā)突破，這將是人類戰(zhàn)勝這個(gè)病毒的強(qiáng)有力武器。中國和許多國家都在進(jìn)行投入，我們也愿意開展國際合作。這些產(chǎn)品是全球公共產(chǎn)品，我們?cè)敢夤蚕恚罱K讓人類能夠共同戰(zhàn)勝病毒這個(gè)敵人。

The novel coronavirus disease has caught all countries by surprise. It is a completely new disease to humankind. So far, I’m afraid there is still more to the virus that we do not yet know. Viruses respect no borders, and they are the common enemy of the whole world and entire humanity. Nowadays, all countries are still working hard to contain the spread of the virus, and we are gaining experience along the way. We must work together to keep the virus in check. Research efforts need to be intensified for breakthroughs in vaccines, effective medicines and testing reagents, as they will be powerful weapons to help us succeed in checking the virus. China and many other countries are making investments into R&D of these products, and we are open to international cooperation. The deliverables of the R&D will be global public goods that we are ready to share with others. They will help the entire humankind in defeating the virus.

中國人民經(jīng)過艱苦卓絕努力，現(xiàn)在有效控制了疫情，同時(shí)積極參與國際合作，公開透明負(fù)責(zé)任地及時(shí)向國際社會(huì)通報(bào)有關(guān)信息。但現(xiàn)在疫情還在全球流行，在中國也未結(jié)束，還有散發(fā)病例，不少科學(xué)家都強(qiáng)調(diào)，還是要保持警惕，防止反彈。我們將繼續(xù)堅(jiān)持實(shí)事求是、公開透明的原則，一旦發(fā)現(xiàn)疫情，堅(jiān)決予以管控，不允許有任何隱瞞，而且要進(jìn)行科學(xué)防治。

With painstaking efforts, the Chinese people have successfully brought the spread of the virus under control. And China has taken an active part in international cooperation against the virus. We have all along acted with openness, transparency and a sense of responsibility. We have shared information in a timely way with the rest of the international community. The virus is still spreading around the world. And in China it has not come to a complete end yet; there are still sporadic cases. Scientists have cautioned us to stay on high alert to prevent a resurgence of infections. We must continue to adopt a factual, science-based, open and transparent approach in dealing with COVID-19. Any infection, once detected, must be promptly handled, and no cover-up will ever be allowed.

現(xiàn)在很多人都說疫情可能短期不會(huì)結(jié)束，還會(huì)延續(xù)一段時(shí)間。實(shí)際上國際社會(huì)已經(jīng)面臨雙重挑戰(zhàn)、要做兩張答卷：一方面要控制住疫情；一方面要恢復(fù)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展，恢復(fù)正常秩序。這兩者是有矛盾的，如果只是做一個(gè)方面的事就不一樣了。我們現(xiàn)在需要在矛盾中平衡、探索中前行，尤其需要國際合作。無論是抗擊疫情，還是發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)，都需要我們同舟共濟(jì)，使人類能夠越過這場巨浪的沖擊。

Many people say that COVID-19 will not come to a stop any time soon and we may have to live with it for quite some time to come. All countries now are confronted with dual challenges. It’s like doing double exams. We have to contain the spread of the virus, and at the same time do our best to get life and work back to normal. I’m afraid there is a certain level of trade-off between these two goals. Things would be quite different if we had only one task. So we will have to do our utmost to strike a delicate balance and continue to explore our way forward. In this process, international cooperation is vitally important. Whether it’s fighting the virus or growing the economy, we must come together in a sense of partnership to eventually fight back the onslaught of the epidemic.

中央廣播電視總臺(tái)央視記者：您在政府工作報(bào)告中闡述了今年中國經(jīng)濟(jì)政策。政府會(huì)采取哪些措施保證這些資金真正地惠及企業(yè)、避免空轉(zhuǎn)，能讓普通老百姓切切實(shí)實(shí)地感受到？

CCTV: In the Government Work Report, this year’s economic polices have been spelled out. What will the government do to ensure that all these funds will be truly delivered to benefit companies, instead of just circulating within the financial sector, and bring real gains to the general public?

李克強(qiáng)：這是一次前所未有的沖擊，我們不可能輕車走熟路，只能是大車行難路。所以我們?cè)谡呱弦⒅貏?chuàng)新。我剛才講了，我們推出的規(guī)模性政策叫作紓困和激發(fā)市場活力，注重的是穩(wěn)就業(yè)、保民生，主要不是依賴上基建項(xiàng)目。因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在中國經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生很大變化，消費(fèi)在經(jīng)濟(jì)增長中起主要拉動(dòng)作用，而且中小微企業(yè)在吸納就業(yè)中占90%以上。我們這次所采取的規(guī)模性政策，用了70%左右的資金直接或比較直接地去支撐居民收入，這樣做可以促進(jìn)消費(fèi)、帶動(dòng)市場。而且因?yàn)橐咔?，我們面臨一個(gè)很大的難題，就是疫情防控措施會(huì)抑制消費(fèi)。我們按這樣的方向推動(dòng)政策實(shí)施，也是市場化的改革。

Premier Li: In coping with the current round of unprecedented shocks, we don’t have ready experience to draw from. It’s not something we can manage with ease, and we will have to blaze a trail with hard efforts. We must be creative in crafting and delivering our policies. As I said just now, our policies, which are of a sizable scale, are designed to provide vital relief to businesses and revitalize the market, with particular focus on stabilizing employment and ensuring people’s livelihood. They are not focused on large infrastructure projects. This is because big changes have taken place in China’s economic structure, where consumption is now the primary engine driving growth, and micro, small and medium-sized companies now provide over 90 percent of all jobs in China. So under the sizable-scale policies introduced this time, some 70 percent of the funds will be used to support the increase in people’s income through direct or relatively direct means in order to spur consumption and energize the market. One big challenge we have confronted in coping with COVID-19 is that containment efforts have had a dampening effect on consumption. Hence, measures in this direction are also part of our market-oriented reform.

其次，我們強(qiáng)調(diào)政策資金要直達(dá)基層、直達(dá)企業(yè)、直達(dá)民生。新增的赤字和抗疫特別國債資金全部轉(zhuǎn)給地方，省里也只是“過路財(cái)神”，要直達(dá)基層。可能有人會(huì)問，那基層就能把這筆錢用好嗎？我們要采取一個(gè)特殊的轉(zhuǎn)移支付機(jī)制，這些錢要全部落到企業(yè)特別是中小微企業(yè)，落到社保、低保、失業(yè)、養(yǎng)老和特困人員身上。要建立實(shí)名制，這些都是有賬可查的，決不允許做假賬，也決不允許偷梁換柱。我們會(huì)瞪大眼睛盯著，也歡迎社會(huì)監(jiān)督。我們采取措施的最終效果要讓市場主體和人民群眾認(rèn)可。中央政府這次帶頭過緊日子，我們把中央部門的非急需非剛性支出壓縮了一半以上，調(diào)出資金用于基層、企業(yè)和民生。各級(jí)政府都要過緊日子，決不允許搞形式主義，干那些大手大腳花錢的事。

Second, the funds made available will all be used to support primary-level governments and businesses, and ensure people’s livelihood. The increase of budget deficits and funds raised from the issuance of government bonds for COVID-19 control will all be channeled to primary-level governments. Even provincial governments will be just passers-by to these funds. Some people may ask whether primary-level governments can ensure all the funds will be put to best use. In this respect, a special transfer payment mechanism will be established to see that companies, especially smaller firms, will truly benefit from these funds, and people who live on social security schemes, subsistence allowance, unemployment benefits, old-age support and those living in difficulties will be able to benefit. Real-name records will be established, and no cooking of books or embezzlement will ever be allowed. We will keep our eyes wide open and welcome public supervision. Eventually, the delivery of these measures will have to be recognized by businesses and our people.

The Central Government will lead by example in living on a tight budget. We will cut over 50 percent of outlays on non-essential, non-obligatory expenditures at the central government level, and the money saved will be mainly used to support primary-level governments, enterprises and people’s basic living needs. Governments at all levels must tighten their belts and reject pointless formalities and spending splurges.

剛才我比較多地講了擴(kuò)大消費(fèi)，但并不是說不要投資，我們還要擴(kuò)大有效投資。這次新增地方政府專項(xiàng)債券1.6萬億元，再加上一些國債，有2萬億元的規(guī)模，這在規(guī)模性政策當(dāng)中占到百分之二三十。我們投資的重點(diǎn)是“兩新一重”，就是新型基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、新型城鎮(zhèn)化和涉及國計(jì)民生的重大項(xiàng)目，而且要用改革的辦法，用這些資金來撬動(dòng)社會(huì)資金的投入。項(xiàng)目要有效益、有回報(bào)，要經(jīng)過科學(xué)論證、按規(guī)律辦事、不留后遺癥。

Just now, I talked more about boosting consumption. That doesn’t mean investment is not important. We will also expand effective investment. There will be an increase of 1.6 trillion RMB yuan of special local government bonds this year, and some treasury bonds as well, with the total amount topping 2 trillion RMB yuan. They account for between 20 and 30 percent of the funds made available under the sizable-scale policies we introduced this year. The focus of the funds will be on new infrastructures and new-type urbanization and key projects for national development. We will rely on reforms in undertaking these programs and mobilize private sector investment. And the projects supported must generate good returns, and be well-calibrated and delivered according to economic laws to avoid undesirable results.

中國時(shí)報(bào)記者：今年兩會(huì)因?yàn)橐咔檠拥?月舉行，這個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)剛好跟“5·20”非常接近。在民進(jìn)黨繼續(xù)執(zhí)政的情況下，未來大陸對(duì)臺(tái)政策的總體考量是什么？未來將如何繼續(xù)推進(jìn)兩岸關(guān)系發(fā)展？

China Times: Because of COVID-19, the Two Sessions this year have been postponed to May, which is quite close to the date of 20 May. As the DPP continues to govern in Taiwan, what is the overall consideration of the mainland concerning its policy toward Taiwan? And what will the mainland do to promote relations across the Taiwan Strait?

李克強(qiáng)：我在政府工作報(bào)告中已經(jīng)說了，我們對(duì)臺(tái)的大政方針是一貫的，也是世人共知的。要堅(jiān)持一個(gè)中國原則、堅(jiān)持“九二共識(shí)”、堅(jiān)決反對(duì)“臺(tái)獨(dú)”。在這個(gè)政治基礎(chǔ)上，我們?cè)竿_(tái)灣各黨派、團(tuán)體和人士就兩岸關(guān)系和民族未來對(duì)話協(xié)商，推動(dòng)兩岸和平發(fā)展，我們?cè)敢宰畲笳\意，盡最大努力促進(jìn)祖國和平統(tǒng)一。臺(tái)灣問題是中國的內(nèi)政，我們從來都反對(duì)外來干涉。中華民族有智慧、有能力解決好自己的事。

Premier Li: As I said in the Government Work Report, our principles and policies toward Taiwan have been consistent and well-known to the international community. We will stay committed to the one-China principle and the 1992 Consensus. We will continue to firmly oppose “Taiwan independence”. Based on this political foundation, we are ready to have dialogue and consultation with any party, group or personage in Taiwan regarding cross-Strait relations and the future of the Chinese nation, and promote peaceful growth of cross-Strait relations. We will continue to show maximum sincerity and do our very utmost to promote peaceful reunification of China. The Taiwan question is China’s internal affair. And we have all along opposed external interference. The Chinese nation has the wisdom and the ability to handle its own affairs.

我們視臺(tái)灣同胞為手足，血濃于水，始終高度重視臺(tái)灣同胞的福祉。就像這次疫情發(fā)生后，大家共同努力，沒有臺(tái)灣同胞在大陸因感染新冠肺炎失去生命。面對(duì)疫情，我們祈福兩岸同胞都平安健康。

We view our fellow compatriots in Taiwan as brothers and sisters. Blood is thicker than water. We will continue to pay high attention to their well-being. Thanks to our joint efforts, there has been no loss of life to COVID-19 among Taiwan compatriots working and living on the mainland. In the face of the epidemic, we wish people on both sides of the Taiwan Strait safety and good health.