國務(wù)院新聞辦公室6月7日發(fā)布《抗擊新冠肺炎疫情的中國行動》白皮書。全文如下：

抗擊新冠肺炎疫情的中國行動
Fighting Covid-19 China in Action

（2020年6月）
中華人民共和國
國務(wù)院新聞辦公室
The State Council Information Office of
the People's Republic of China
June 2020

目錄
Contents

前言
Foreword

一、中國抗擊疫情的艱辛歷程
I.China’s Fight against the Epidemic: A Test of Fire

（一）第一階段：迅即應(yīng)對突發(fā)疫情
Stage I: Swift Response to the Public Health Emergency(December 27, 2019-January 19, 2020)

（二）第二階段：初步遏制疫情蔓延勢頭
Stage II: Initial Progress in Containing the Virus(January 20-February 20, 2020)

（三）第三階段：本土新增病例數(shù)逐步下降至個位數(shù)
Stage III: Newly Confirmed Domestic Cases on the Chinese Mainland Drop to Single Digits(February 21-March 17, 2020)

（四）第四階段：取得武漢保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)、湖北保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)決定性成果
Stage IV: Wuhan and Hubei – An Initial Victory in a Critical Battle(March 18-April 28, 2020)

（五）第五階段：全國疫情防控進入常態(tài)化
Stage V: Ongoing Prevention and Control(Since April 29, 2020)

二、防控和救治兩個戰(zhàn)場協(xié)同作戰(zhàn)
II.Well-Coordinated Prevention, Control and Treatment

（一）建立統(tǒng)一高效的指揮體系
1.Centralized and Efficient Command

（二）構(gòu)建全民參與嚴密防控體系
2. A Tight Prevention and Control System Involving All Sectors of Society

（三）全力救治患者、拯救生命
3.An All-Out Effort to Treat Patients and Save Lives

（四）依法及時公開透明發(fā)布疫情信息
4. China Has Released Information in an Open and Transparent Manner as Required by Law

（五）充分發(fā)揮科技支撐作用
5.Science and Technology Underpin China’s Efforts

三、凝聚抗擊疫情的強大力量
III.Assembling a Powerful Force to Beat the Virus

（一）人的生命高于一切
1.Lives Are Precious

（二）舉全國之力抗擊疫情
2.Mobilizing the Whole Country to Fight the Epidemic

（三）平衡疫情防控與經(jīng)濟社會民生
3. Coordinating Prevention and Control with Social and Economic Development

（四）14億中國人民堅韌奉獻守望相助
4.Uniting as One – China’s Billion People

四、共同構(gòu)建人類衛(wèi)生健康共同體
IV.Building a Global Community of Health for All

（一）中國感謝和銘記國際社會寶貴支持和幫助
1. China Appreciates Support from the International Community

（二）中國積極開展國際交流合作
2. China Conducts Active International Exchanges and Cooperation

（三）國際社會團結(jié)合作共同抗疫
3. International Solidarity and Cooperation in Fighting the Pandemic

結(jié)束語
Afterword

前言
Foreword

新型冠狀病毒肺炎是近百年來人類遭遇的影響范圍最廣的全球性大流行病，對全世界是一次嚴重危機和嚴峻考驗。人類生命安全和健康面臨重大威脅。
The Covid-19 global pandemic is the most extensive to afflict humanity in a century. A serious crisis for the entire world, and a daunting challenge, it poses a grave threat to human life and health.

這是一場全人類與病毒的戰(zhàn)爭。面對前所未知、突如其來、來勢洶洶的疫情天災(zāi)，中國果斷打響疫情防控阻擊戰(zhàn)。中國把人民生命安全和身體健康放在第一位，以堅定果敢的勇氣和決心，采取最全面最嚴格最徹底的防控措施，有效阻斷病毒傳播鏈條。14億中國人民堅韌奉獻、團結(jié)協(xié)作，構(gòu)筑起同心戰(zhàn)疫的堅固防線，彰顯了人民的偉大力量。
This is a war that humanity has to fight and win. Facing this unknown, unexpected, and devastating disease, China launched a resolute battle to prevent and control its spread. Making people’s lives and health its first priority, China adopted extensive, stringent, and thorough containment measures, and has for now succeeded in cutting all channels for the transmission of the virus. 1.4 billion Chinese people have exhibited enormous tenacity and solidarity in erecting a defensive rampart that demonstrates their power in the face of such natural disasters.

中國始終秉持人類命運共同體理念，肩負大國擔當，同其他國家并肩作戰(zhàn)、共克時艱。中國本著依法、公開、透明、負責任態(tài)度，第一時間向國際社會通報疫情信息，毫無保留同各方分享防控和救治經(jīng)驗。中國對疫情給各國人民帶來的苦難感同身受，盡己所能向國際社會提供人道主義援助，支持全球抗擊疫情。
Having forged the idea that the world is a global community of shared future, and believing that it must act as a responsible member, China has fought shoulder to shoulder with the rest of the world. In an open, transparent, and responsible manner and in accordance with the law, China gave timely notification to the international community of the onset of a new coronavirus, and shared without reserve its experience in containing the spread of the virus and treating the infected. China has great empathy with victims all over the world, and has done all it can to provide humanitarian aid in support of the international community’s endeavors to stem the pandemic.

當前，疫情在全球持續(xù)蔓延。中國為被病毒奪去生命和在抗擊疫情中犧牲的人們深感痛惜，向爭分奪秒搶救生命、遏制疫情的人們深表敬意，向不幸感染病毒、正在進行治療的人們表達祝愿。中國堅信，國際社會同舟共濟、守望相助，就一定能夠戰(zhàn)勝疫情，走出人類歷史上這段艱難時刻，迎來人類發(fā)展更加美好的明天。
The virus is currently wreaking havoc throughout the world. China grieves for those who have been killed and those who have sacrificed their lives in the fight, extends the greatest respect to those who are struggling to save lives, and offers true moral support to those who are infected and receiving treatment. China firmly believes that as long as all countries unite and cooperate to mount a collective response, the international community will succeed in overcoming the pandemic, and will emerge from this dark moment in human history into a brighter future.

為記錄中國人民抗擊疫情的偉大歷程，與國際社會分享中國抗疫的經(jīng)驗做法，闡明全球抗疫的中國理念、中國主張，中國政府特發(fā)布此白皮書。
To keep a record of China’s efforts in its own fight against the virus, to share its experience with the rest of the world, and to clarify its ideas on the global battle, the Chinese government now releases this white paper.

一、中國抗擊疫情的艱辛歷程
I. China’s Fight against the Epidemic: A Test of Fire

新冠肺炎疫情是新中國成立以來發(fā)生的傳播速度最快、感染范圍最廣、防控難度最大的一次重大突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件，對中國是一次危機，也是一次大考。中國共產(chǎn)黨和中國政府高度重視、迅速行動，習(xí)近平總書記親自指揮、親自部署，統(tǒng)攬全局、果斷決策，為中國人民抗擊疫情堅定了信心、凝聚了力量、指明了方向。在中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，全國上下貫徹“堅定信心、同舟共濟、科學(xué)防治、精準施策”總要求，打響抗擊疫情的人民戰(zhàn)爭、總體戰(zhàn)、阻擊戰(zhàn)。經(jīng)過艱苦卓絕的努力，中國付出巨大代價和犧牲，有力扭轉(zhuǎn)了疫情局勢，用一個多月的時間初步遏制了疫情蔓延勢頭，用兩個月左右的時間將本土每日新增病例控制在個位數(shù)以內(nèi)，用3個月左右的時間取得了武漢保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)、湖北保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)的決定性成果，疫情防控阻擊戰(zhàn)取得重大戰(zhàn)略成果，維護了人民生命安全和身體健康，為維護地區(qū)和世界公共衛(wèi)生安全作出了重要貢獻。
The Covid-19 epidemic is a major public health emergency. The virus has spread faster and wider than any other since the founding of the People’s Republic in 1949, and has proven to be the most difficult to contain. It is both a crisis and a major test for China. The Communist Party of China (CPC) and the Chinese government have addressed the epidemic as a top priority, and taken swift action. General Secretary Xi Jinping has taken personal command, planned the response, overseen the general situation and acted decisively, pointing the way forward in the fight against the epidemic. This has bolstered the Chinese people’s confidence and rallied their strength. Under the leadership of the CPC, the whole nation has followed the general principle of “remaining confident, coming together in solidarity, adopting a science-based approach, and taking targeted measures”, and waged an all-out people’s war on the virus. Through painstaking efforts and tremendous sacrifice, and having paid a heavy price, China has succeeded in turning the situation around. In little more than a single month, the rising spread of the virus was contained; in around two months, the daily increase in domestic coronavirus cases had fallen to single digits; and in approximately three months, a decisive victory was secured in the battle to defend Hubei Province and its capital city of Wuhan. With these strategic achievements, China has protected its people’s lives, safety and health, and made a significant contribution to safeguarding regional and global public health.

截至2020年5月31日24時，31個省、自治區(qū)、直轄市和新疆生產(chǎn)建設(shè)兵團累計報告確診病例83017例，累計治愈出院病例78307例，累計死亡病例4634例，治愈率94.3%，病亡率5.6%（見圖1、2、3、4）?；仡櫱耙浑A段中國抗疫歷程，大體分為五個階段。
As of 24:00 of May 31, 2020, a cumulative total of 83,017 confirmed cases had been reported on the Chinese mainland, 78,307 infected had been cured and discharged from hospital, and 4,634 people had died. This demonstrates a cure rate of 94.3 percent and a fatality rate of 5.6 percent (see charts 1, 2, 3 and 4).China’s fight against the epidemic can be divided into five stages.

（一）第一階段：迅即應(yīng)對突發(fā)疫情
Stage I: Swift Response to the Public Health Emergency

（2019年12月27日至2020年1月19日）
(December 27, 2019-January 19, 2020)

湖北省武漢市監(jiān)測發(fā)現(xiàn)不明原因肺炎病例，中國第一時間報告疫情，迅速采取行動，開展病因?qū)W和流行病學(xué)調(diào)查，阻斷疫情蔓延。及時主動向世界衛(wèi)生組織以及美國等國家通報疫情信息，向世界公布新型冠狀病毒基因組序列。武漢地區(qū)出現(xiàn)局部社區(qū)傳播和聚集性病例，其他地區(qū)開始出現(xiàn)武漢關(guān)聯(lián)確診病例，中國全面展開疫情防控。
As soon as cases of pneumonia of unknown cause were identified in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China acted immediately to conduct etiological and epidemiological investigations and to stop the spread of the disease, and promptly reported the situation. In a timely manner, China informed the WHO and other countries, including the US, of the developing situation, and released the genome sequence of the novel coronavirus. After community spread and clusters of cases emerged in Wuhan, and confirmed cases were reported in other Chinese regions, which were due to virus carriers traveling from the city, a nationwide program of epidemic prevention and control was launched.

（1）2019年12月27日，湖北省中西醫(yī)結(jié)合醫(yī)院向武漢市江漢區(qū)疾控中心報告不明原因肺炎病例。武漢市組織專家從病情、治療轉(zhuǎn)歸、流行病學(xué)調(diào)查、實驗室初步檢測等方面情況分析，認為上述病例系病毒性肺炎。
(1)December 27, 2019: Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine reported cases of pneumonia of unknown cause to the Wuhan Jianghan Center for Disease Prevention and Control. The Wuhan city government arranged for experts to look into these cases through an analysis of the patients’ condition and clinical outcome, the findings of epidemiological investigations, and preliminary laboratory testing results. The conclusion was that they were cases of a viral pneumonia.

（2）12月30日，武漢市衛(wèi)生健康委向轄區(qū)醫(yī)療機構(gòu)發(fā)布《關(guān)于做好不明原因肺炎救治工作的緊急通知》。國家衛(wèi)生健康委獲悉有關(guān)信息后立即組織研究，迅速開展行動。
(2)December 30: The Wuhan City Health Commission (WCHC)issued Urgent Notice on Treatment of Patients with Pneumonia of Unknown Cause. Upon learning of developments, the National Health Commission (NHC) acted immediately to organize research into the disease.

（3）12月31日凌晨，國家衛(wèi)生健康委作出安排部署，派出工作組、專家組趕赴武漢市，指導(dǎo)做好疫情處置工作，開展現(xiàn)場調(diào)查。武漢市衛(wèi)生健康委在官方網(wǎng)站發(fā)布《關(guān)于當前我市肺炎疫情的情況通報》，發(fā)現(xiàn)27例病例，提示公眾盡量避免到封閉、空氣不流通的公眾場合和人多集中地方，外出可佩戴口罩。當日起，武漢市衛(wèi)生健康委依法發(fā)布疫情信息。
(3) December 31: The NHC made arrangements in the small hours to send a working group and an expert team to Wuhan to guide its response to the situation and conduct on-site investigations.The WCHC website carried its Information Circular on the Pneumonia Cases in Wuhan, confirming 27 cases and urging the public to stay away from enclosed public places with poor ventilation and venues where large crowds gathered. The commission also suggested the use of face masks when going out. From that day on, the WCHC began to release updates on the disease in accordance with the law.

（4）2020年1月1日，國家衛(wèi)生健康委成立疫情應(yīng)對處置領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組。1月2日，國家衛(wèi)生健康委制定《不明原因的病毒性肺炎防控“三早”方案》；中國疾控中心、中國醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)院收到湖北省送檢的第一批4例病例標本，即開展病原鑒定。
(4) January 1, 2020: The NHC set up a leading group on the disease response. The next day, it formulated Guidelines on Early Detection, Early Diagnosis and Early Quarantine for Prevention and Control of Viral Pneumonia of Unknown Cause. The Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC) and the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) received the first batch of samples of four cases discovered in Hubei and began the pathogen identification process.

（5）1月3日，武漢市衛(wèi)生健康委在官方網(wǎng)站發(fā)布《關(guān)于不明原因的病毒性肺炎情況通報》，共發(fā)現(xiàn)44例不明原因的病毒性肺炎病例。國家衛(wèi)生健康委組織中國疾控中心等4家科研單位對病例樣本進行實驗室平行檢測，進一步開展病原鑒定。國家衛(wèi)生健康委會同湖北省衛(wèi)生健康委制定《不明原因的病毒性肺炎診療方案（試行）》等9個文件。當日起，中國有關(guān)方面定期向世界衛(wèi)生組織、有關(guān)國家和地區(qū)組織以及中國港澳臺地區(qū)及時主動通報疫情信息。
(5)January 3: The WCHC issued Information Circular on Viral Pneumonia of Unknown Cause, reporting a total of 44 cases.Under the direction of the NHC, China CDC and three other institutions carried out parallel laboratory testing of the samples to identify the pathogen. The NHC and the Health Commission of Hubei Province jointly formulated nine documents, including Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for Viral Pneumonia of Unknown Cause (for Trial Implementation).From that day on, on a regular basis, China began to update the WHO, relevant countries, and regional organizations, as well as its own regions of Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, on the development of the disease.

（6）1月4日，中國疾控中心負責人與美國疾控中心負責人通電話，介紹疫情有關(guān)情況，雙方同意就信息溝通和技術(shù)協(xié)作保持密切聯(lián)系。國家衛(wèi)生健康委會同湖北省衛(wèi)生健康部門制定《不明原因的病毒性肺炎醫(yī)療救治工作手冊》。
(6)January 4: The head of China CDC held a telephone conversation with the director of the US CDC, briefing him about the new pneumonia. The two sides agreed to keep in close contact on information sharing and cooperation on technical matters.The NHC and related health departments in Hubei Province produced Treatment Manual for Viral Pneumonia of Unknown Cause.

（7）1月5日，武漢市衛(wèi)生健康委在官方網(wǎng)站發(fā)布《關(guān)于不明原因的病毒性肺炎情況通報》，共發(fā)現(xiàn)59例不明原因的病毒性肺炎病例，根據(jù)實驗室檢測結(jié)果，排除流感、禽流感、腺病毒、傳染性非典型性肺炎和中東呼吸綜合征等呼吸道病原。中國向世界衛(wèi)生組織通報疫情信息。世界衛(wèi)生組織首次就中國武漢出現(xiàn)的不明原因肺炎病例進行通報。
(7)January 5: The WCHC updated information on its website, reporting a total of 59 cases of the viral pneumonia of unknown cause. Laboratory tests ruled out respiratory pathogens as the cause, such as influenza, avian influenza, adenovirus, the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus, and the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus.China sent a situation update to the WHO. The WHO released its first briefing on cases of pneumonia of unknown cause in Wuhan.

（8）1月6日，國家衛(wèi)生健康委在全國衛(wèi)生健康工作會議上通報武漢市不明原因肺炎有關(guān)情況，要求加強監(jiān)測、分析和研判，及時做好疫情處置。
(8)January 6: The NHC gave a briefing on cases of pneumonia of unknown cause in Wuhan at a national health conference, calling for greater efforts to monitor, analyze and study them, and prepare for a timely response.

（9）1月7日，中共中央總書記習(xí)近平在主持召開中共中央政治局常務(wù)委員會會議時，對做好不明原因肺炎疫情防控工作提出要求。
(9)January 7: Xi Jinping, general secretary of the CPC Central Committee, presided over a meeting of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and issued instructions on the prevention and control of a possible epidemic of the pneumonia of unknown cause in Wuhan.

（10）1月7日，中國疾控中心成功分離新型冠狀病毒毒株。
(10)January 7: China CDC succeeded in isolating the first novel coronavirus strain.

（11）1月8日，國家衛(wèi)生健康委專家評估組初步確認新冠病毒為疫情病原。中美兩國疾控中心負責人通電話，討論雙方技術(shù)交流合作事宜。
(11)January 8: An expert evaluation team designated by the NHC initially identified a new coronavirus as the cause of the disease. The heads of the China and US CDCs held a telephone discussion on technical exchanges and cooperation.

（12）1月9日，國家衛(wèi)生健康委專家評估組對外發(fā)布武漢市不明原因的病毒性肺炎病原信息，病原體初步判斷為新型冠狀病毒。中國向世界衛(wèi)生組織通報疫情信息，將病原學(xué)鑒定取得的初步進展分享給世界衛(wèi)生組織。世界衛(wèi)生組織網(wǎng)站發(fā)布關(guān)于中國武漢聚集性肺炎病例的聲明，表示在短時間內(nèi)初步鑒定出新型冠狀病毒是一項顯著成就。
(12)January 9: The NHC expert evaluation team released information on the pathogen of the viral pneumonia of unknown cause, and made a preliminary judgment that a new coronavirus was the cause.China informed the WHO of developments and the initial progress that had been made in determining the cause of the viral pneumonia. The WHO released on its website a statement regarding a cluster of pneumonia cases in Wuhan, indicating that the preliminary identification of a novel coronavirus in such a short period of time was a notable achievement.

（13）1月10日，中國疾控中心、中國科學(xué)院武漢病毒研究所等專業(yè)機構(gòu)初步研發(fā)出檢測試劑盒，武漢市立即組織對在院收治的所有相關(guān)病例進行排查。國家衛(wèi)生健康委、中國疾控中心負責人分別與世界衛(wèi)生組織負責人就疫情應(yīng)對處置工作通話，交流有關(guān)信息。
(13)January 10: Research institutions including China CDC and the Wuhan Institute of Virology (WIV) under the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) came up with an initial version of test kits. Wuhan immediately began to test all relevant cases admitted to local hospitals to screen for the new coronavirus.The heads of the NHC and China CDC held separate telephone conversations with the head of the WHO about China’s response to the disease, and exchanged information.

（14）1月11日起，中國每日向世界衛(wèi)生組織等通報疫情信息。
(14)January 11: China started to update the WHO and other parties concerned on a daily basis.

（15）1月12日，武漢市衛(wèi)生健康委在情況通報中首次將“不明原因的病毒性肺炎”更名為“新型冠狀病毒感染的肺炎”。中國疾控中心、中國醫(yī)學(xué)科學(xué)院、中國科學(xué)院武漢病毒研究所作為國家衛(wèi)生健康委指定機構(gòu)，向世界衛(wèi)生組織提交新型冠狀病毒基因組序列信息，在全球流感共享數(shù)據(jù)庫（GISAID）發(fā)布，全球共享。國家衛(wèi)生健康委與世界衛(wèi)生組織分享新冠病毒基因組序列信息。
(15)January 12: The WCHC changed “viral pneumonia of unknown cause” to “pneumonia caused by the novel coronavirus” in an information circular on its website.China CDC, the CAMS and the WIV, as designated agencies of the NHC, submitted to the WHO the genome sequence of the novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), which was published by the Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data to be shared globally.

（16）1月13日，國務(wù)院總理李克強在主持召開國務(wù)院全體會議時，對做好疫情防控提出要求。
(16)January 13: Premier Li Keqiang chaired a State Council meeting and announced requirements for epidemic prevention and control.

（17）1月13日，國家衛(wèi)生健康委召開會議，部署指導(dǎo)湖北省、武漢市進一步強化管控措施，加強口岸、車站等人員體溫監(jiān)測，減少人群聚集。世界衛(wèi)生組織官方網(wǎng)站發(fā)表關(guān)于在泰國發(fā)現(xiàn)新冠病毒病例的聲明指出，中國共享了基因組測序結(jié)果，使更多國家能夠快速診斷患者。香港、澳門、臺灣考察團赴武漢市考察疫情防控工作。
(17)January 13: The NHC held a meeting to provide guidance to Hubei and Wuhan authorities, advising them to further strengthen management, step up body temperature monitoring at ports and stations, and reduce crowded gatherings.The WHO issued on its website a statement on the discovery of novel coronavirus cases in Thailand, recognizing that China’s sharing of the genome sequence of the virus had enabled more countries to rapidly diagnose cases.An inspection team from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan visited Wuhan to learn about the prevention and control of the disease.

（18）1月14日，國家衛(wèi)生健康委召開全國電視電話會議，部署加強湖北省、武漢市疫情防控工作，做好全國疫情防范應(yīng)對準備工作。會議指出，新冠病毒導(dǎo)致的新發(fā)傳染病存在很大不確定性，人與人之間的傳播能力和傳播方式仍需要深入研究，不排除疫情進一步擴散蔓延的可能性。
(18)January 14: The NHC held a national teleconference, specifying arrangements for epidemic prevention and control in Hubei and Wuhan, and for emergency preparations and response across the country. The NHC cautioned that there was great uncertainty about the new disease, and that more research was needed to understand its mode of transmission and the risk of human-to-human transmissibility. Further spread could not be ruled out.

（19）1月15日，國家衛(wèi)生健康委發(fā)布新型冠狀病毒感染的肺炎第一版診療方案、防控方案。
(19)January 15: The NHC unveiled the first versions of Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia, and Protocol on Prevention and Control of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia.

（20）1月16日，聚合酶鏈式反應(yīng)（PCR）診斷試劑優(yōu)化完成，武漢市對全部69所二級以上醫(yī)院發(fā)熱門診就醫(yī)和留觀治療的患者進行主動篩查。
(20)January 16: As the optimization of the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) diagnostic reagents was completed, Wuhan began to screen all patients treated in fever clinics or under medical observation in the 69 hospitals at or above the level of grade two in the city.

（21）1月17日，國家衛(wèi)生健康委派出7個督導(dǎo)組赴地方指導(dǎo)疫情防控工作。
(21)January 17: The NHC sent seven inspection teams to different provincial-level health agencies to guide local epidemic prevention and control.

（22）1月18日，國家衛(wèi)生健康委發(fā)布新型冠狀病毒感染的肺炎第二版診療方案。
(22)January 18: The NHC released the second version of Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia.

（23）1月18日至19日，國家衛(wèi)生健康委組織國家醫(yī)療與防控高級別專家組趕赴武漢市實地考察疫情防控工作。19日深夜，高級別專家組經(jīng)認真研判，明確新冠病毒出現(xiàn)人傳人現(xiàn)象。
(23) January 18 and 19: The NHC assembled a high-level national team of senior medical and disease control experts and sent them to Wuhan to study the local response to the epidemic. In the middle of the night of January 19, after careful examination and deliberation, the team determined that the new coronavirus was spreading between humans.

（二）第二階段：初步遏制疫情蔓延勢頭
Stage II: Initial Progress in Containing the Virus

（1月20日至2月20日）
(January 20-February 20, 2020)

全國新增確診病例快速增加，防控形勢異常嚴峻。中國采取阻斷病毒傳播的關(guān)鍵一招，堅決果斷關(guān)閉離漢離鄂通道，武漢保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)、湖北保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)全面打響。中共中央成立應(yīng)對疫情工作領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組，并向湖北等疫情嚴重地區(qū)派出中央指導(dǎo)組。國務(wù)院先后建立聯(lián)防聯(lián)控機制、復(fù)工復(fù)產(chǎn)推進工作機制。全國集中資源和力量馳援湖北省和武漢市。各地啟動重大突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件應(yīng)急響應(yīng)。最全面最嚴格最徹底的全國疫情防控正式展開，疫情蔓延勢頭初步遏制。（圖5）
The situation became most pressing with the rapid increase in newly confirmed cases in China. As a crucial step to stem the spread of the virus, the Chinese government took the decisive measure to close outbound traffic from Wuhan. This marked the beginning of an all-out battle to protect Wuhan and Hubei from the epidemic.The CPC Central Committee set up a leading group for novel coronavirus prevention and control and sent the Central Steering Group to Hubei. A joint epidemic prevention and control mechanism and in due course a mechanism to facilitate resumption of work were set up under the State Council. Resources were mobilized nationwide to assist Hubei and Wuhan. Major public health emergency responses were activated across China.The most comprehensive, stringent and thorough epidemic prevention and control campaign was launched nationwide, and initial progress was made in curbing the spread of the virus (see Chart 5).

（1）1月20日，中共中央總書記、國家主席、中央軍委主席習(xí)近平對新型冠狀病毒感染的肺炎疫情作出重要指示，指出要把人民生命安全和身體健康放在第一位，堅決遏制疫情蔓延勢頭；強調(diào)要及時發(fā)布疫情信息，深化國際合作。
(1)January 20: President Xi Jinping, also general secretary of the CPC Central Committee and chairman of the Central Military Commission, gave important instructions on fighting the novel coronavirus. He emphasized that people’s lives and health must come first and resolute efforts should be taken to stem the spread of the virus. He called for prompt release of information on the epidemic and enhanced international cooperation.

（2）1月20日，國務(wù)院總理李克強主持召開國務(wù)院常務(wù)會議，進一步部署疫情防控工作，并根據(jù)《中華人民共和國傳染病防治法》將新冠肺炎納入乙類傳染病，采取甲類傳染病管理措施。
(2)January 20: During an executive meeting of the State Council, Premier Li Keqiang decided to take more steps for epidemic prevention and control. A decision was taken to classify the novel coronavirus pneumonia as a Class B infectious disease in compliance with the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, but to apply to it the preventive and control measures for a Class A infectious disease.

（3）1月20日，國務(wù)院聯(lián)防聯(lián)控機制召開電視電話會議，部署全國疫情防控工作。
(3)January 20: The State Council convened a teleconference to plan for nationwide prevention and control of the disease.

（4）1月20日，國家衛(wèi)生健康委組織召開記者會，高級別專家組通報新冠病毒已出現(xiàn)人傳人現(xiàn)象。
(4)January 20: The NHC held a press conference for the high-level expert team, at which it was confirmed that the virus could transmit from human to human.

（5）1月20日，國家衛(wèi)生健康委發(fā)布公告，將新冠肺炎納入傳染病防治法規(guī)定的乙類傳染病并采取甲類傳染病的防控措施；將新冠肺炎納入《中華人民共和國國境衛(wèi)生檢疫法》規(guī)定的檢疫傳染病管理。國家衛(wèi)生健康委發(fā)布《新型冠狀病毒感染的肺炎防控方案（第二版）》。
(5)January 20: The NHC made a statement on implementing the above State Council decision and bringing the pneumonia under quarantinable infectious disease management in accordance with the Frontier Health and Quarantine Law of the People’s Republic of China. The NHC also released Protocol on Prevention and Control of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (Edition 2).

（6）1月22日，中共中央總書記、國家主席、中央軍委主席習(xí)近平作出重要指示，要求立即對湖北省、武漢市人員流動和對外通道實行嚴格封閉的交通管控。
(6)January 22: Xi Jinping ordered the immediate imposition of tight restrictions on the movement of people and channels of exit in Hubei and Wuhan.

（7）1月22日，國家衛(wèi)生健康委發(fā)布《新型冠狀病毒感染的肺炎診療方案（試行第三版）》。國務(wù)院新聞辦公室就疫情舉行第一場新聞發(fā)布會，介紹疫情有關(guān)情況。國家衛(wèi)生健康委收到美方通報，美國國內(nèi)發(fā)現(xiàn)首例確診病例。國家生物信息中心開發(fā)的2019新型冠狀病毒信息庫正式上線，發(fā)布全球新冠病毒基因組和變異分析信息。
(7)January 22: The NHC issued Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (Trial Version 3). The State Council Information Office held its first press conference on the novel coronavirus.The NHC was notified by the United States about its first confirmed case.The 2019 Novel Coronavirus Resource database was officially launched by the China National Center for Bioinformation, which released the novel coronavirus genome and provided information on variation analysis to the international community.

（8）1月23日凌晨2時許，武漢市疫情防控指揮部發(fā)布1號通告，23日10時起機場、火車站離漢通道暫時關(guān)閉。交通運輸部發(fā)出緊急通知，全國暫停進入武漢市道路水路客運班線發(fā)班。國家衛(wèi)生健康委等6部門發(fā)布《關(guān)于嚴格預(yù)防通過交通工具傳播新型冠狀病毒感染的肺炎的通知》。1月23日至29日，全國各省份陸續(xù)啟動重大突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件省級一級應(yīng)急響應(yīng)。
(8)January 23: At around 2 a.m. Wuhan City Novel Coronavirus Prevention and Control Command Center issued the No. 1 public notice declaring temporary closure of the city’s outbound routes at its airports and railway stations at 10 a.m. the same day. The Ministry of Transport issued an emergency circular suspending passenger traffic into Wuhan from other parts of the country by road or waterway. The NHC and five other government departments also issued Notice on Preventing the Transmission of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia via Means of Transport. From January 23 to January 29, all provinces and equivalent administrative units on the Chinese mainland (hereafter all provinces) activated Level 1 public health emergency response.

（9）1月23日，中國科學(xué)院武漢病毒研究所、武漢市金銀潭醫(yī)院、湖北省疾病預(yù)防控制中心研究團隊發(fā)現(xiàn)新冠病毒的全基因組序列與SARS－CoV的序列一致性有79.5%。國家微生物科學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)中心和國家病原微生物資源庫共同建成“新型冠狀病毒國家科技資源服務(wù)系統(tǒng)”，發(fā)布新冠病毒第一張電子顯微鏡照片和毒株信息。
(9) January 23: Researchers of the WIV, Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital and the Hubei Provincial CDC discovered that the whole genome sequence of the 2019-nCoV shares 79.5 percent of the SARS-CoV sequence.The Novel Coronavirus National Science and Technology Resource Service System, jointly set up by the National Microbiology Data Center and the National Pathogen Resource Collection Center, released the first electron microscope image of the virus and its strain information.

（10）1月24日開始，從各地和軍隊調(diào)集346支國家醫(yī)療隊、4.26萬名醫(yī)務(wù)人員和965名公共衛(wèi)生人員馳援湖北省和武漢市。
(10)January 24: Dispatch of national medical teams to Hubei and Wuhan began. In the ensuing period, a total of 346 medical teams composed of 42,600 medical workers and 965 public health workers from across the country and the armed forces were dispatched.

（11）1月25日，中共中央總書記習(xí)近平主持召開中共中央政治局常務(wù)委員會會議，明確提出“堅定信心、同舟共濟、科學(xué)防治、精準施策”總要求，強調(diào)堅決打贏疫情防控阻擊戰(zhàn)；指出湖北省要把疫情防控工作作為當前頭等大事，采取更嚴格的措施，內(nèi)防擴散、外防輸出；強調(diào)要按照集中患者、集中專家、集中資源、集中救治“四集中”原則，將重癥病例集中到綜合力量強的定點醫(yī)療機構(gòu)進行救治，及時收治所有確診病人。會議決定，中共中央成立應(yīng)對疫情工作領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組，在中央政治局常務(wù)委員會領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下開展工作；中共中央向湖北等疫情嚴重地區(qū)派出指導(dǎo)組，推動有關(guān)地方全面加強防控一線工作。
(11)January 25: Xi Jinping chaired a meeting of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee. He called for resolute efforts to win the battle to contain the virus with “confidence and solidarity, a science-based approach and targeted measures”. He urged Hubei to make epidemic control its top priority and apply more rigorous measures to stem the spread of the virus within the province and beyond. All confirmed patients, he said, must be hospitalized without delay, and severe cases must be sent to designated hospitals with sufficient medical resources so that they could be treated by medical experts. A decision was taken at the meeting that the central Party leadership would set up a leading group for novel coronavirus prevention and control under the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau. It was also decided that the central Party leadership would send a steering group to Hubei to oversee epidemic control on the ground.

（12）1月25日，國家衛(wèi)生健康委發(fā)布通用、旅游、家庭、公共場所、公共交通工具、居家觀察等6個公眾預(yù)防指南。
(12)January 25: The NHC released six sets of guidelines on disease prevention: for general use, tourism, households, public places, public transport and home observation.

（13）1月26日，中共中央政治局常委、國務(wù)院總理、中央應(yīng)對疫情工作領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組組長李克強主持召開領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組第一次全體會議。國務(wù)院辦公廳印發(fā)通知，決定延長2020年春節(jié)假期，各地大專院校、中小學(xué)、幼兒園推遲開學(xué)。國家藥監(jiān)局應(yīng)急審批通過4家企業(yè)4個新型冠狀病毒檢測產(chǎn)品，進一步擴大新型冠狀病毒核酸檢測試劑供給能力。
(13)January 26: Premier Li Keqiang, also member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and head of the Central Leading Group for Novel Coronavirus Prevention and Control, chaired the group’s first meeting.The General Office of the State Council issued the decision to extend the Chinese New Year holiday of 2020 and postpone the opening of all universities, colleges, secondary schools, elementary schools and kindergartens.The National Medical Products Administration fast-tracked approval of four novel coronavirus test kits made by four companies to boost capacity for producing virus nucleic acid test kits.

（14）1月27日，中共中央總書記習(xí)近平作出指示，要求中國共產(chǎn)黨各級組織和廣大黨員、干部，牢記人民利益高于一切，不忘初心、牢記使命，團結(jié)帶領(lǐng)廣大人民群眾堅決貫徹落實黨中央決策部署，全面貫徹“堅定信心、同舟共濟、科學(xué)防治、精準施策”的要求，讓黨旗在防控疫情斗爭第一線高高飄揚。
(14)January 27: Xi Jinping issued an instruction calling on all CPC organizations and members to bear in mind the supremacy of the people’s interests and the Party’s founding mission, strengthen confidence and solidarity, take a science-based approach and targeted measures, and lead the people in implementing the decisions made by the central Party leadership.

（15）1月27日，受中共中央總書記習(xí)近平委托，中共中央政治局常委、國務(wù)院總理、中央應(yīng)對疫情工作領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組組長李克強赴武漢市考察指導(dǎo)疫情防控工作，代表中共中央、國務(wù)院慰問疫情防控一線的醫(yī)護人員。同日，中央指導(dǎo)組進駐武漢市，全面加強對一線疫情防控的指導(dǎo)督導(dǎo)。
(15)January 27: Li Keqiang paid an inspection visit to Wuhan on behalf of Xi Jinping, where he gave guidance on virus control and expressed appreciation to frontline health workers. The Central Steering Group arrived in Wuhan on the same day to strengthen overall guidance of and supervision over the prevention and control of the disease at the front line.

（16）1月27日，國家衛(wèi)生健康委發(fā)布《新型冠狀病毒感染的肺炎診療方案（試行第四版）》。國家衛(wèi)生健康委負責人應(yīng)約與美國衛(wèi)生與公眾服務(wù)部負責人通話，就當前新型冠狀病毒感染的肺炎疫情防控工作進行交流。
(16)January 27: The NHC released Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (Trial Version 4).The head of the NHC discussed epidemic prevention and control with the head of the US Department of Health and Human Services (US HHS) in a telephone call.

（17）1月28日，國家主席習(xí)近平在北京會見世界衛(wèi)生組織總干事譚德塞時指出，疫情是魔鬼，我們不能讓魔鬼藏匿；指出中國政府始終本著公開、透明、負責任的態(tài)度及時向國內(nèi)外發(fā)布疫情信息，積極回應(yīng)各方關(guān)切，加強與國際社會合作；強調(diào)中方愿同世界衛(wèi)生組織和國際社會一道，共同維護好地區(qū)和全球的公共衛(wèi)生安全。
(17)January 28: Xi Jinping met with WHO Director General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus in Beijing. He said, “The virus is a devil, and we must hunt it down. The Chinese government has been providing timely updates on the epidemic in an open, transparent and responsible way. We have responded to the concerns of various parties and enhanced cooperation with the international community.” He expressed China’s readiness to work with the WHO and the international community to safeguard public health both in the region and globally.

（18）1月28日，國家衛(wèi)生健康委發(fā)布《新型冠狀病毒感染的肺炎防控方案（第三版）》。
(18)January 28: The NHC released Protocol on Prevention and Control of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (Edition 3).

（19）1月30日，國家衛(wèi)生健康委通過官方渠道告知美方，歡迎美國加入世界衛(wèi)生組織聯(lián)合專家組。美方當天即回復(fù)表示感謝。
(19)January 30: The NHC notified the US through the official channel that American experts were welcome to join the WHO-China Joint Mission on Coronavirus Disease. The US replied and expressed its appreciation on the same day.

（20）1月31日，世界衛(wèi)生組織宣布新冠肺炎疫情構(gòu)成“國際關(guān)注的突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件”。國家衛(wèi)生健康委發(fā)布《新型冠狀病毒感染的肺炎重癥患者集中救治方案》。
(20)January 31: The WHO declared the novel coronavirus outbreak a public health emergency of international concern. The NHC released Guidelines on Treating Novel Coronavirus Patients with Severe Symptoms in Designated Hospitals.

（21）2月2日開始，在中央指導(dǎo)組指導(dǎo)下，武漢市部署實施確診患者、疑似患者、發(fā)熱患者、確診患者的密切接觸者“四類人員”分類集中管理，按照應(yīng)收盡收、應(yīng)治盡治、應(yīng)檢盡檢、應(yīng)隔盡隔“四應(yīng)”要求，持續(xù)開展拉網(wǎng)排查、集中收治、清底排查三場攻堅戰(zhàn)。
(21)February 2: Under the guidance of the Central Steering Group, Wuhan began to adopt measures to put four categories of people – confirmed cases, suspected cases, febrile patients who might be carriers, and close contacts – under classified management in designated facilities. The policy of ensuring that all those in need are tested, isolated, hospitalized or treated was implemented. Actions were taken to conduct mass screenings to identify people with infections, hospitalize them, and collect accurate data on case numbers.

（22）2月2日，國家衛(wèi)生健康委負責人致函美國衛(wèi)生與公眾服務(wù)部負責人，就雙方衛(wèi)生和疫情防控合作再次交換意見。
(22)February 2: The head of the NHC sent a letter to the head of the US HHS to further exchange views on bilateral cooperation on public health and epidemic prevention and control.

（23）2月3日，中共中央總書記習(xí)近平主持召開中共中央政治局常務(wù)委員會會議，指出要進一步完善和加強防控，嚴格落實早發(fā)現(xiàn)、早報告、早隔離、早治療“四早”措施；強調(diào)要全力以赴救治患者，努力“提高收治率和治愈率”“降低感染率和病亡率”。
(23)February 3: Xi Jinping chaired a meeting of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee. He required that epidemic control measures be improved and strengthened and that the principle of early detection, reporting, quarantine and treatment be strictly observed. He called for saving lives by raising admission and cure rates and lowering infection and fatality rates.

（24）2月3日，中央指導(dǎo)組從全國調(diào)集22支國家緊急醫(yī)學(xué)救援隊，在武漢市建設(shè)方艙醫(yī)院。
(24)February 3: The Central Steering Group sent to Wuhan 22 national emergency medical teams from all over China, and gave the order to construct temporary treatment centers.

（25）2月4日，中國疾控中心負責人應(yīng)約與美國國家過敏癥和傳染病研究所負責人通電話，交流疫情信息。
(25)February 4: The head of China CDC took a telephone call from the head of the US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases in which they exchanged views on the novel coronavirus.

（26）2月5日，中共中央總書記、國家主席、中央軍委主席、中央全面依法治國委員會主任習(xí)近平主持召開中央全面依法治國委員會第三次會議，強調(diào)要始終把人民生命安全和身體健康放在第一位，從立法、執(zhí)法、司法、守法各環(huán)節(jié)發(fā)力，全面提高依法防控、依法治理能力，為疫情防控工作提供有力法治保障。
(26)February 5: Xi Jinping chaired the third meeting of the Commission for Law-based Governance under the CPC Central Committee. He stressed the importance of putting the people’s lives and health first, and the need to raise China’s overall capacity of law-based disease prevention and control through the joint efforts of the legislature, law enforcement agencies, the judiciary and the public. This would ensure that epidemic prevention and control is conducted in compliance with the law.

（27）2月5日，國務(wù)院聯(lián)防聯(lián)控機制加強協(xié)調(diào)調(diào)度，供應(yīng)湖北省醫(yī)用N95口罩首次實現(xiàn)供大于需。
(27)February 5: The State Council through its Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism strengthened coordination, which made it possible for the supply of medical N95 masks to exceed Hubei’s requirement.

（28）2月5日，國家衛(wèi)生健康委發(fā)布《新型冠狀病毒感染肺炎診療方案（試行第五版）》。
(28)February 5: The NHC released Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (Trial Version 5).

（29）2月7日，國務(wù)院聯(lián)防聯(lián)控機制印發(fā)《關(guān)于進一步強化責任落實做好防治工作的通知》，國家衛(wèi)生健康委發(fā)布《新型冠狀病毒感染肺炎防控方案（第四版）》。
(29)February 7: Through its Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism, the State Council issued Notice on Delivery of Duties for Effective Prevention and Control of the Disease.The NHC released Protocol on Prevention and Control of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (Edition 4).

（30）2月8日，國家衛(wèi)生健康委在亞太經(jīng)合組織衛(wèi)生工作組會議上介紹中國防疫努力和措施。國家衛(wèi)生健康委向中國駐外使領(lǐng)館通報新型冠狀病毒防控、診療、監(jiān)測、流行病學(xué)調(diào)查、實驗室檢測等方案。中美兩國衛(wèi)生部門負責人再次就美方專家參加中國－世界衛(wèi)生組織聯(lián)合專家考察組的安排進行溝通。
(30)February 8: The NHC gave briefings on China’s epidemic control efforts and measures at a meeting of the APEC health working group. It also gave briefings to Chinese diplomatic missions overseas on the guidelines for prevention and control, diagnosis and treatment, monitoring, epidemiological investigation and laboratory testing of the novel coronavirus.Heads of Chinese and US health authorities further exchanged views on arrangements for American experts to join the WHO-China Joint Mission on Coronavirus Disease.

（31）2月10日，中共中央總書記、國家主席、中央軍委主席習(xí)近平在北京調(diào)研指導(dǎo)新冠肺炎疫情防控工作，并通過視頻連線武漢市收治新冠肺炎患者的金銀潭醫(yī)院、協(xié)和醫(yī)院、火神山醫(yī)院，強調(diào)要以更堅定的信心、更頑強的意志、更果斷的措施，緊緊依靠人民群眾，堅決打贏疫情防控的人民戰(zhàn)爭、總體戰(zhàn)、阻擊戰(zhàn)；指出湖北和武漢是疫情防控的重中之重，是打贏疫情防控阻擊戰(zhàn)的決勝之地，武漢勝則湖北勝，湖北勝則全國勝，要打好武漢保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)、湖北保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)；強調(diào)要按照集中患者、集中專家、集中資源、集中救治“四集中”原則，全力做好救治工作；強調(diào)要堅決抓好“外防輸入、內(nèi)防擴散”兩大環(huán)節(jié)，盡最大可能切斷傳染源，盡最大可能控制疫情波及范圍。
(31)February 10: Xi Jinping inspected prevention and control work in Beijing. He also talked by video link to doctors from Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital, Wuhan Union Hospital and Huoshenshan Hospital where novel coronavirus patients were being treated. He called for strengthening confidence and taking more decisive measures to stem the spread of and win the people’s all-out war against the virus. He emphasized that top priority must be given to Hubei and Wuhan, as they were the decisive battlegrounds. Victory in Wuhan would ensure victory in Hubei, and ultimately victory across the country. No effort would be spared in saving lives. The infected should be treated in designated hospitals by top-level doctors and with all necessary resources guaranteed. Strict measures must be taken to forestall inbound and intra-city transmissions, neutralize all sources of infection and stem the spread of the virus to the greatest extent possible.

（32）2月10日，建立省際對口支援湖北省除武漢市以外地市新冠肺炎醫(yī)療救治工作機制，統(tǒng)籌安排19個省份對口支援湖北省武漢市以外16個市州及縣級市。
(32)February 10: A mechanism was established to organize pairing assistance from other provinces to Hubei’s cities other than Wuhan for treatment of the infected. Assistance from 19 provinces was rendered to 16 cities in Hubei.

（33）2月11日，國務(wù)院聯(lián)防聯(lián)控機制加強協(xié)調(diào)調(diào)度，供應(yīng)湖北省醫(yī)用防護服首次實現(xiàn)供大于求。
(33)February 11: Thanks to strengthened coordination under the State Council Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism, the supply of medical protective suits to Hubei exceeded its needs.

（34）2月11日，中國疾控中心專家應(yīng)約與美國疾控中心流感部門專家召開電話會議，溝通和分享疫情防控信息。
(34)February 11: China CDC experts had a teleconference at the request of flu experts from the US CDC, during which they shared information on novel coronavirus prevention and control.

（35）2月12日，中共中央總書記習(xí)近平主持召開中共中央政治局常務(wù)委員會會議，指出疫情防控工作到了最吃勁的關(guān)鍵階段，要毫不放松做好疫情防控重點工作，加強疫情特別嚴重或風險較大的地區(qū)防控；強調(diào)要圍繞“提高收治率和治愈率”“降低感染率和病亡率”，抓好疫情防控重點環(huán)節(jié)；強調(diào)要全面增強收治能力，堅決做到“應(yīng)收盡收、應(yīng)治盡治”，提高收治率；強調(diào)要提高患者特別是重癥患者救治水平，集中優(yōu)勢醫(yī)療資源和技術(shù)力量救治患者；強調(diào)人口流入大省大市要按照“聯(lián)防聯(lián)控、群防群控”要求，切實做好防控工作。
(35)February 12: At a meeting of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, Xi Jinping noted that China’s novel coronavirus prevention and control had reached the most crucial stage. Key epidemic control tasks must be fulfilled, and greater attention must be given to the hardest-hit and high-risk areas. He called for improvements in key links in disease control to raise the admission and cure rates and lower the infection and fatality rates. Hospital capacity must be boosted to ensure admission and treatment for all patients. The best medical resources and technologies should be pooled to treat all infections, particularly the most severe cases. He urged those provinces and cities with large population inflows to strengthen cross-region joint prevention and control and society-wide efforts to contain the virus.

（36）2月13日，美國衛(wèi)生與公眾服務(wù)部相關(guān)負責人致函中國國家衛(wèi)生健康委負責人，溝通雙方衛(wèi)生和疫情防控合作等有關(guān)安排。
(36)February 13: The head of the NHC received a letter from the head of the US HHS on arrangements concerning bilateral cooperation on public health and novel coronavirus prevention and control.

（37）2月14日，中共中央總書記、國家主席、中央軍委主席、中央全面深化改革委員會主任習(xí)近平主持召開中央全面深化改革委員會第十二次會議，指出確保人民生命安全和身體健康，是中國共產(chǎn)黨治國理政的一項重大任務(wù)；強調(diào)既要立足當前，科學(xué)精準打贏疫情防控阻擊戰(zhàn)，更要放眼長遠，總結(jié)經(jīng)驗、吸取教訓(xùn)，針對這次疫情暴露出來的短板和不足，抓緊補短板、堵漏洞、強弱項，完善重大疫情防控體制機制，健全國家公共衛(wèi)生應(yīng)急管理體系。
(37)February 14: Xi Jinping chaired the 12th meeting of the Commission for Further Reform under the CPC Central Committee. He emphasized that protecting people’s lives and health is a high priority on the CPC’s governance agenda. Immediate, science-based and targeted measures must be taken to stamp out the virus. Experience and lessons must be drawn to enhance preparedness in the future. Swift actions must be taken to address problems, plug loopholes, and reinforce weak links. He also emphasized the need to improve both the mechanism for preventing and controlling major epidemics and the national public health emergency response system.

（38）2月14日，全國除湖北省以外其他省份新增確診病例數(shù)實現(xiàn)“十連降”。
(38)February 14: All provinces and equivalent administrative units other than Hubei saw a continuous drop in newly confirmed cases for the 10th consecutive day.

（39）2月15日，國務(wù)院新聞辦公室首次在湖北省武漢市舉行疫情防控新聞發(fā)布會。至2月15日，已有7個診斷檢測試劑獲批上市，部分藥物篩選與治療方案、疫苗研發(fā)、動物模型構(gòu)建等取得階段性進展。
(39)February 15: The State Council Information Office held its first press conference on novel coronavirus prevention and control in Wuhan. By that day, seven types of test reagents had been approved for market launch, and progress had been made in drug screening, development of therapeutic regimens and vaccines, and animal model construction.

（40）2月16日開始，由中國、德國、日本、韓國、尼日利亞、俄羅斯、新加坡、美國和世界衛(wèi)生組織25名專家組成的中國－世界衛(wèi)生組織聯(lián)合專家考察組，利用9天時間，對北京、成都、廣州、深圳和武漢等地進行實地考察調(diào)研。
(40)February 16: The WHO-China Joint Mission on Covid-19, consisting of 25 experts from China, Germany, Japan, ROK, Nigeria, Russia, Singapore, the US and the WHO, started its nine-day field visit to Beijing, Chengdu, Guangzhou, Shenzhen and Wuhan.

（41）2月17日，國務(wù)院聯(lián)防聯(lián)控機制印發(fā)《關(guān)于科學(xué)防治精準施策分區(qū)分級做好新冠肺炎疫情防控工作的指導(dǎo)意見》，部署各地區(qū)各部門做好分區(qū)分級精準防控，有序恢復(fù)生產(chǎn)生活秩序。
(41)February 17: Through its Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism, the State Council issued Guidelines on Taking Science-based, Targeted, Region-specific, and Tiered Measures for Covid-19 Prevention and Control. Local authorities and government departments were required to take measures matching the corresponding levels of emergency response and ensure an orderly return to work and normal life.

（42）2月18日，全國新增治愈出院病例數(shù)超過新增確診病例數(shù)，確診病例數(shù)開始下降。中國國家衛(wèi)生健康委復(fù)函美國衛(wèi)生與公眾服務(wù)部，就雙方衛(wèi)生與疫情合作有關(guān)安排進一步溝通。
(42)February 18: Nationwide, the daily number of newly cured and discharged coronavirus patients exceeded that of newly confirmed cases, and the number of confirmed cases began to drop.The NHC sent a reply to the US HHS on further arrangements concerning bilateral health and anti-virus cooperation.

（43）2月19日，中共中央總書記習(xí)近平主持召開中共中央政治局常務(wù)委員會會議，聽取疫情防控工作匯報，研究統(tǒng)籌做好疫情防控和經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展工作。
(43)February 19: Xi Jinping chaired a meeting of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee. The meeting heard reports on coronavirus prevention and control, and studied plans on strengthening virus control while promoting economic and social development.

（44）2月19日，國家衛(wèi)生健康委發(fā)布《新型冠狀病毒肺炎診療方案（試行第六版）》。
(44)February 19: The NHC released Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for Covid-19 (Trial Version 6).

（45）2月19日，武漢市新增治愈出院病例數(shù)首次大于新增確診病例數(shù)。
(45) February 19: For the first time in Wuhan, newly cured and discharged cases outnumbered newly confirmed ones.

（三）第三階段：本土新增病例數(shù)逐步下降至個位數(shù)
Stage III: Newly Confirmed Domestic Cases on the Chinese Mainland Drop to Single Digits

（2月21日至3月17日）
(February 21-March 17, 2020)

湖北省和武漢市疫情快速上升勢頭均得到遏制，全國除湖北省以外疫情形勢總體平穩(wěn)，3月中旬每日新增病例控制在個位數(shù)以內(nèi)，疫情防控取得階段性重要成效。根據(jù)疫情防控形勢發(fā)展，中共中央作出統(tǒng)籌疫情防控和經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展、有序復(fù)工復(fù)產(chǎn)重大決策。（圖6）
China had made significant progress: The rapid spread of the virus had been contained in Wuhan and the rest of Hubei Province, the situation in other parts on the mainland had stabilized, and the daily figure for new cases had remained in single digits since mid-March. As the situation evolved, the CPC Central Committee decided to coordinate epidemic control with economic and social development, and organize an orderly return to normal work and daily life (see Chart 6).

（1）2月21日，中共中央總書記習(xí)近平主持召開中共中央政治局會議，指出疫情防控工作取得階段性成效，同時，全國疫情發(fā)展拐點尚未到來，湖北省和武漢市防控形勢依然嚴峻復(fù)雜；強調(diào)要針對不同區(qū)域情況，完善差異化防控策略，堅決打好湖北保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)、武漢保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)，加強力量薄弱地區(qū)防控，全力做好北京疫情防控工作；強調(diào)要建立與疫情防控相適應(yīng)的經(jīng)濟社會運行秩序，有序推動復(fù)工復(fù)產(chǎn)。
(1)February 21: Xi Jinping chaired a meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee. He pointed out that while significant progress had been made in containing the epidemic, the turning point had not yet arrived at the national level. Wuhan and the entire province of Hubei still faced a grave and complex threat. He instructed that differentiated control measures be adopted to address the problems in different regions, to defend Hubei and its capital city, to step up support to regions with insufficient capacity, and to make an all-out effort to ensure the safety of Beijing, the national capital. He required that the economic and social order be managed in parallel with the anti-epidemic endeavor, and called for an orderly return to normal work and daily life.

（2）2月21日，國務(wù)院聯(lián)防聯(lián)控機制印發(fā)《企事業(yè)單位復(fù)工復(fù)產(chǎn)疫情防控措施指南》，國家衛(wèi)生健康委發(fā)布《新型冠狀病毒肺炎防控方案（第五版）》。
(2)February 21: Through its Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism, the State Council issued Guidelines on Covid-19 Prevention and Control Measures for Resumption of Work.The NHC released Protocol on Prevention and Control of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (Edition 5).

（3）2月21日起，各地因地制宜，陸續(xù)調(diào)低省級重大突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件響應(yīng)級別，逐步取消通行限制。至2月24日，除湖北省、北京市外，其他省份主干公路卡點全部打通，運輸秩序逐步恢復(fù)。
(3)February 21: Most provinces and equivalent administrative units started to downgrade their public health emergency response level in light of the local situation, and gradually lifted traffic restrictions. By February 24, all provincial trunk highways had reopened, and order was restored to the transport networks with the exception of those in Hubei and Beijing.

（4）2月23日，中共中央總書記、國家主席、中央軍委主席習(xí)近平出席統(tǒng)籌推進新冠肺炎疫情防控和經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展工作部署會議，通過視頻直接面向全國17萬名干部進行動員部署，指出新冠肺炎疫情是新中國成立以來在我國發(fā)生的傳播速度最快、感染范圍最廣、防控難度最大的一次重大突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件，這是一次危機，也是一次大考，經(jīng)過艱苦努力，疫情防控形勢積極向好的態(tài)勢正在拓展；強調(diào)疫情形勢依然嚴峻復(fù)雜，防控正處在最吃勁的關(guān)鍵階段，要堅定必勝信念，咬緊牙關(guān)，繼續(xù)毫不放松抓緊抓實抓細各項防控工作；強調(diào)要變壓力為動力、善于化危為機，有序恢復(fù)生產(chǎn)生活秩序，強化“六穩(wěn)”舉措，加大政策調(diào)節(jié)力度，把發(fā)展巨大潛力和強大動能充分釋放出來，努力實現(xiàn)今年經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展目標任務(wù)。
(4) February 23: President Xi spoke to 170,000 officials nationwide by video link, at a meeting on coordinating epidemic control with economic and social development. He emphasized that this epidemic, given the speed and scope of its spread, represented the most challenging public health emergency in China since the founding of the People’s Republic, and that it was both a serious crisis and a major test.He acknowledged the arduous efforts of all involved, welcoming the fact that control measures were producing increasingly positive results, but noting that the overall situation remained complex and serious, and this stage would be crucial in curbing the spread. The people must maintain their faith in ultimate victory and make unremitting efforts in all of their prevention and control work. He encouraged the nation to turn pressure into strength and adversity into opportunities, and steadily resume normal work and daily life. He demanded a redoubled effort to stabilize the six fronts -- employment, finance, foreign trade, inbound investment, domestic investment, and market expectations, called for stronger policies to unleash the full potential and maintain the strong momentum of China’s development, and urged the nation to achieve the goals and tasks set for this year’s economic and social development.

（5）2月24日，中國－世界衛(wèi)生組織聯(lián)合專家考察組在北京舉行新聞發(fā)布會，認為中國在減緩疫情擴散蔓延、阻斷病毒人際傳播方面取得明顯效果，已經(jīng)避免或至少推遲了數(shù)十萬人感染新冠肺炎。至2月24日，全國新增確診病例數(shù)已連續(xù)5天在1000例以下，現(xiàn)有確診病例數(shù)近一周以來呈現(xiàn)下降趨勢，所有省份新增出院病例數(shù)均大于或等于新增確診病例數(shù)。
(5)February 24: The WHO-China Joint Mission on Covid-19 held a press conference in Beijing, during which team members agreed that China had achieved notable success in slowing the spread of the virus and blocking human-to-human transmission, at least delaying and possibly preventing hundreds of thousands of infections. “This approach, what we call an ‘a(chǎn)ll-of-government, all-of-society’ approach, very old-fashioned, too old in some ways, has probably, definitely reverted, and probably prevented at least tens of thousands, but probably hundreds of thousands of cases of Covid-19 in China”.By February 24, the daily number of new infections on the Chinese mainland had remained below 1,000 for five consecutive days, the number of existing confirmed cases had kept dropping for almost a week, and the daily figure for discharged patients was now equal to or had surpassed that of new infections in all provincial-level administrative units.

（6）2月25日起，全面加強出入境衛(wèi)生檢疫工作，對出入境人員嚴格健康核驗、體溫監(jiān)測、醫(yī)學(xué)巡查、流行病學(xué)調(diào)查、醫(yī)學(xué)排查、采樣監(jiān)測，防止疫情跨境傳播。
(6)February 25: China started to tighten up border quarantine, conducting a strict check of health and body temperature, and carrying out medical inspection, epidemiological investigation, medical screening, and sample monitoring of all inbound and outbound travelers, in order to minimize the cross-border spread of the epidemic.

（7）2月26日，中共中央總書記習(xí)近平主持召開中共中央政治局常務(wù)委員會會議，指出全國疫情防控形勢積極向好的態(tài)勢正在拓展，經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展加快恢復(fù)，同時湖北省和武漢市疫情形勢依然復(fù)雜嚴峻，其他有關(guān)地區(qū)疫情反彈風險不可忽視；強調(diào)要繼續(xù)集中力量和資源，全面加強湖北省和武漢市疫情防控；強調(diào)要準確分析把握疫情和經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展形勢，緊緊抓住主要矛盾和矛盾的主要方面，確保打贏疫情防控的人民戰(zhàn)爭、總體戰(zhàn)、阻擊戰(zhàn)，努力實現(xiàn)決勝全面建成小康社會、決戰(zhàn)脫貧攻堅目標任務(wù)。
(7)February 26: Xi Jinping chaired a meeting of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee. He told the meeting that the national situation in epidemic control was turning for the better and economic and social development was quickly returning to normal, while Wuhan and Hubei as a whole still faced a grave and complex situation, and the possibility of an epidemic resurgence must not be overlooked in other regions.He called for a greater effort to marshal the resources of the whole country to reinforce Wuhan and Hubei. He emphasized the need to make an accurate assessment of the epidemic dynamics and the conditions facing economic and social development, and focus on the main problems and the key elements of these problems, so as to ensure an overall victory in the battle against the virus, and achieve the goals of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects and of the country’s poverty alleviation.

（8）2月27日，全國除湖北省以外其他省份，湖北省除武漢市以外其他地市，新增確診病例數(shù)首次雙雙降至個位數(shù)。
(8)February 27: The daily figure for new cases in Hubei other than Wuhan, and in other places on the mainland outside Hubei, both dropped to single digits for the first time.

（9）2月28日，國務(wù)院聯(lián)防聯(lián)控機制印發(fā)《關(guān)于進一步落實分區(qū)分級差異化防控策略的通知》。
(9)February 28: Through its Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism, the State Council released Notice on Furthering Differentiated, Region-specific and Tiered Prevention and Control Measures.

（10）2月29日，中國－世界衛(wèi)生組織新型冠狀病毒肺炎聯(lián)合考察報告發(fā)布。報告認為，面對前所未知的病毒，中國采取了歷史上最勇敢、最靈活、最積極的防控措施，盡可能迅速地遏制病毒傳播；令人矚目的是，在所考察的每一個機構(gòu)都能夠強有力地落實防控措施；面對共同威脅時，中國人民凝聚共識、團結(jié)行動，才使防控措施得以全面有效的實施；每個省、每個城市在社區(qū)層面都團結(jié)一致，幫助和支持脆弱人群及社區(qū)。
(10)February 29: The WHO-China Joint Mission on Covid-19 released a report about its field study trip in China. The report described China’s control efforts. It said, “In the face of a previously unknown virus, China has rolled out perhaps the most ambitious, agile and aggressive disease containment effort in history... As striking, has been the uncompromising rigor of strategy application that proved to be a hallmark in every setting and context where it was examined... Achieving China’s exceptional coverage with and adherence to these containment measures has only been possible due to the deep commitment of the Chinese people to collective action in the face of this common threat. At a community level this is reflected in the remarkable solidarity of provinces and cities in support of the most vulnerable populations and communities.”

（11）3月2日，中共中央總書記、國家主席、中央軍委主席習(xí)近平在北京考察新冠肺炎防控科研攻關(guān)工作，強調(diào)要把新冠肺炎防控科研攻關(guān)作為一項重大而緊迫任務(wù)，在堅持科學(xué)性、確保安全性的基礎(chǔ)上加快研發(fā)進度，為打贏疫情防控的人民戰(zhàn)爭、總體戰(zhàn)、阻擊戰(zhàn)提供強大科技支撐；指出盡最大努力挽救更多患者生命是當務(wù)之急、重中之重，要加強藥物、醫(yī)療裝備研發(fā)和臨床救治相結(jié)合，切實提高治愈率、降低病亡率；強調(diào)要加快推進已有的多種技術(shù)路線疫苗研發(fā)，爭取早日推動疫苗的臨床試驗和上市使用；指出要把生物安全作為國家總體安全的重要組成部分，加強疫病防控和公共衛(wèi)生科研攻關(guān)體系和能力建設(shè)。
(11)March 2: President Xi inspected several scientific institutions in Beijing, observing their research and development on Covid-19 prevention and control. He said that this work must be taken as a major and pressing task and proceed as speedily as possible, while abiding by the rules of science and ensuring safety, so as to provide strong scientific and technological support for overcoming the epidemic.Xi Jinping pointed out that saving as many lives as possible, by every possible means, was the number one priority. Research on and development of medicines and medical equipment should be integrated with clinical treatment, with the twin goals of raising the cure rate and lowering the fatality rate. Development of vaccines should be expedited through multiple approaches, so as to make them available for clinical trial and application as quickly as possible.The president said that biosecurity should be an important part of the holistic approach to national security, and he called for efforts to enhance China’s scientific research capacity regarding epidemic prevention and control and public health.

（12）3月3日，國家衛(wèi)生健康委發(fā)布《新型冠狀病毒肺炎診療方案（試行第七版）》，在傳播途徑、臨床表現(xiàn)、診斷標準等多個方面作出修改和完善，強調(diào)加強中西醫(yī)結(jié)合。
(12)March 3: The NHC released Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for Covid-19 (Trial Version 7), which made modifications in the determination of transmission routes and clinical symptoms, updated diagnostic criteria, and emphasized the integration of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine in treating the disease.

（13）3月4日，中共中央總書記習(xí)近平主持召開中共中央政治局常務(wù)委員會會議，指出要加快建立同疫情防控相適應(yīng)的經(jīng)濟社會運行秩序，完善相關(guān)舉措，鞏固和拓展來之不易的良好勢頭；強調(diào)要持續(xù)用力加強湖北省和武漢市疫情防控工作，繼續(xù)保持“內(nèi)防擴散、外防輸出”的防控策略。
(13)March 4: Xi Jinping chaired a meeting of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee. He emphasized the need to quickly bring order to economic and social development in the context of epidemic control, improve relevant measures, and consolidate and extend the country’s hard-won progress. Wuhan and Hubei must continue their epidemic control, and continue the measures for preventing the virus from spreading within their local area or beyond.

（14）3月6日，中共中央總書記、國家主席、中央軍委主席習(xí)近平出席決戰(zhàn)決勝脫貧攻堅座談會，指出到2020年現(xiàn)行標準下的農(nóng)村貧困人口全部脫貧，是中共中央向全國人民作出的鄭重承諾，必須如期實現(xiàn)；強調(diào)要以更大決心、更強力度推進脫貧攻堅，堅決克服新冠肺炎疫情影響，堅決奪取脫貧攻堅戰(zhàn)全面勝利，堅決完成這項對中華民族、對人類都具有重大意義的偉業(yè)。
(14)March 6: Xi Jinping attended a symposium on securing a decisive victory in poverty alleviation. He pointed out that the solemn pledge to lift all rural people living below current poverty line out of poverty by 2020 had been made by the CPC Central Committee to the whole nation, and it must be fulfilled on schedule. He called for greater determination and intensity in advancing poverty alleviation, and highlighted the need to offset the impact of the epidemic in order to clinch a complete victory over poverty – a cause of such tremendous importance to China and all of humanity.

（15）3月6日，全國新增本土確診病例數(shù)降至100例以下，11日降至個位數(shù)。
(15)March 6: The daily increase in the number of domestic cases on the Chinese mainland dropped below 100, and fell further to single digits on March 11.

（16）3月7日，國家衛(wèi)生健康委發(fā)布《新型冠狀病毒肺炎防控方案（第六版）》。
(16)March 7: The NHC released Protocol on Prevention and Control of Covid-19 (Edition 6).

（17）3月10日，中共中央總書記、國家主席、中央軍委主席習(xí)近平赴湖北省武漢市考察疫情防控工作，指出經(jīng)過艱苦努力，湖北和武漢疫情防控形勢發(fā)生積極向好變化，取得階段性重要成果，但疫情防控任務(wù)依然艱巨繁重，要慎終如始、再接再厲、善作善成，堅決打贏湖北保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)、武漢保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)；指出武漢人民識大體、顧大局，不畏艱險、頑強不屈，自覺服從疫情防控大局需要，主動投身疫情防控斗爭，作出了重大貢獻；指出抗擊疫情有兩個陣地，一個是醫(yī)院救死扶傷陣地，一個是社區(qū)防控陣地，要充分發(fā)揮社區(qū)在疫情防控中的重要作用，使所有社區(qū)成為疫情防控的堅強堡壘；強調(diào)打贏疫情防控人民戰(zhàn)爭要緊緊依靠人民，把群眾發(fā)動起來，構(gòu)筑起群防群控的人民防線。
(17)March 10: Xi Jinping went to Wuhan to inspect work on epidemic control. He acknowledged that the situation in Hubei and Wuhan was improving and that hard work had delivered important results, and pointed out that the task remained arduous. He encouraged the people to persevere in their efforts and win the battles against the virus in Hubei and Wuhan. He praised residents in Wuhan for considering the national interest and the general situation. They had proved themselves indomitable and resilient, and they had consciously subordinated their needs to the overall interests of epidemic control, joined the battle against the epidemic, and made a huge contribution.He pointed out that there were two fronts in the battle against the epidemic: the hospital and the community – the life-saving front and the epidemic prevention and control front. Communities should play their key role in epidemic prevention and control, and every community should serve as a bastion of defense against the virus. He called for a general mobilization, putting in place a defense line across the whole of society and relying on the people to win the battle.

（18）3月11日，世界衛(wèi)生組織總干事譚德塞表示，新冠肺炎疫情已具有大流行特征。
(18)March 11: WHO Director General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus announced, “We have therefore made the assessment that Covid-19 can be characterized as a pandemic.”

（19）3月11日至17日，全國每日新增本土確診病例數(shù)維持在個位數(shù)。總體上，中國本輪疫情流行高峰已經(jīng)過去，新增發(fā)病數(shù)持續(xù)下降，疫情總體保持在較低水平。
(19)March 11 to 17: The daily increase in the number of domestic cases on the Chinese mainland remained in single digits. The epidemic peak had passed in China as a whole, with the number of new cases steadily declining and the epidemic comfortably under control.

（20）3月17日，首批42支國家援鄂醫(yī)療隊撤離武漢。
(20) March 17: Forty-two medical teams from around the country left Wuhan, having completed their mission there.

（四）第四階段：取得武漢保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)、湖北保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)決定性成果
Stage IV: Wuhan and Hubei – An Initial Victory in a Critical Battle

（3月18日至4月28日）
(March 18-April 28, 2020)

以武漢市為主戰(zhàn)場的全國本土疫情傳播基本阻斷，離漢離鄂通道管控措施解除，武漢市在院新冠肺炎患者清零，武漢保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)、湖北保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)取得決定性成果，全國疫情防控阻擊戰(zhàn)取得重大戰(zhàn)略成果。境內(nèi)疫情零星散發(fā)，境外疫情快速擴散蔓延，境外輸入病例造成關(guān)聯(lián)病例傳播。中共中央把握疫情形勢發(fā)展變化，確定了“外防輸入、內(nèi)防反彈”的防控策略，鞏固深化國內(nèi)疫情防控成效，及時處置聚集性疫情，分類推動復(fù)工復(fù)產(chǎn)，關(guān)心關(guān)愛境外中國公民。（圖7）
By making critical advances in the city of Wuhan, the main battleground against the virus, China initially halted the spread of Covid-19 on the mainland. Restrictions on outbound traffic from Wuhan City and Hubei Province were lifted, and all Covid-19 patients in Wuhan hospitals were discharged. China won a critical battle in defending Wuhan and Hubei against Covid-19, which was a major step forward in the nationwide virus control effort.During this period, sporadic cases were reported, and more infections were caused by inbound arrivals carrying the virus which continued to spread overseas. In response to the evolving Covid-19 dynamics, the CPC Central Committee adopted an approach to prevent the coronavirus from entering the country and stem its domestic resurgence. Efforts were made to consolidate gains in virus control, promptly treat cluster cases, and get the country back to work sector by sector. Care and support were given to Chinese citizens abroad (see Chart 7).

（1）3月18日，中共中央總書記習(xí)近平主持召開中共中央政治局常務(wù)委員會會議，強調(diào)要落實外防輸入重點任務(wù)，完善應(yīng)對輸入性風險的防控策略和政策舉措，決不能讓來之不易的疫情防控持續(xù)向好形勢發(fā)生逆轉(zhuǎn)；指出要加強對境外中國公民疫情防控的指導(dǎo)和支持，保護他們的生命安全和身體健康。
(1)March 18: Xi Jinping chaired a meeting of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee. He emphasized the need to take rigorous steps to stop inbound cases, so that hard-won gains in virus control would not be lost. He urged stronger measures to protect the health of Chinese citizens overseas.

（2）3月18日，國務(wù)院辦公廳印發(fā)《關(guān)于應(yīng)對新冠肺炎疫情影響強化穩(wěn)就業(yè)舉措的實施意見》。
(2)March 18: The State Council issued Decision on Implementation of Measures to Stabilize Employment by Offsetting the Impact of Covid-19.

（3）3月18日，全國新增本土確診病例首次實現(xiàn)零報告。至19日，湖北省以外省份連續(xù)7日無新增本土確診病例。
(3)March 18: For the first time, no new domestic cases were confirmed on the Chinese mainland. By March 19, no new cases had been confirmed for seven days outside of Hubei Province.

（4）3月25日，中共中央總書記習(xí)近平主持召開中共中央政治局常務(wù)委員會會議，聽取疫情防控工作和當前經(jīng)濟形勢的匯報，研究當前疫情防控和經(jīng)濟工作。
(4)March 25: Xi Jinping chaired a meeting of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee to hear briefings about virus control and current economic conditions and discuss virus control measures and ways to sustain economic growth.

（5）3月25日起，湖北省有序解除離鄂通道管控措施，撤除除武漢市以外地區(qū)所有通道（市際、省界通道）檢疫站點。湖北省除武漢市以外地區(qū)逐步恢復(fù)正常生產(chǎn)生活秩序，離鄂人員憑湖北健康碼“綠碼”安全有序流動。
(5)March 25: Hubei lifted outbound traffic restrictions and removed all health checkpoints on highways across the province except in Wuhan. With the exception of Wuhan, work and life gradually returned to normal in the whole province, and people could now leave Hubei if they had a “green” health code to show that they were not infected.

（6）3月25日，23個省份報告了境外輸入確診病例，防止疫情擴散壓力依然很大。
(6)March 25: Confirmed inbound cases were reported in 23 provinces, signaling the need to curb the spread of the virus.

（7）3月26日，國家主席習(xí)近平出席二十國集團領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人特別峰會，發(fā)表題為《攜手抗疫　共克時艱》的講話。
(7)March 26: President Xi attended the G20 Extraordinary Leaders’ Summit on Covid-19 and delivered a speech titled “Working Together to Defeat the Covid-19 Outbreak”.

（8）3月27日，中共中央總書記習(xí)近平主持召開中共中央政治局會議，指出要因應(yīng)國內(nèi)外疫情防控新形勢，及時完善疫情防控策略和應(yīng)對舉措，把重點放在“外防輸入、內(nèi)防反彈”上來，保持疫情防控形勢持續(xù)向好態(tài)勢；強調(diào)要在疫情防控常態(tài)化條件下加快恢復(fù)生產(chǎn)生活秩序，力爭把疫情造成的損失降到最低限度，努力完成全年經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展目標任務(wù)；強調(diào)要在做好疫情防控的前提下，支持湖北有序復(fù)工復(fù)產(chǎn)，做好援企、穩(wěn)崗、促就業(yè)、保民生等工作。
(8)March 27: Xi Jinping chaired a meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee. He called for a timely improvement in China’s Covid-19 control measures in response to changing Covid-19 dynamics, both domestic and globally, with a shift in focus to preventing inbound cases and domestic resurgence, so as to sustain the positive momentum in virus control.He stressed the need to speedily resume work and normal life while continuing Covid-19 prevention and control, in order to minimize the losses caused by Covid-19 and fulfill the goals of economic and social development set for the year. Provided that prevention and control protocols were duly observed, support should be given to get Hubei back to work in an orderly manner, and help enterprises create jobs, keep their employees, and ensure their livelihoods.

（9）3月29日至4月1日，中共中央總書記、國家主席、中央軍委主席習(xí)近平前往浙江，就統(tǒng)籌推進新冠肺炎疫情防控和經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展工作進行調(diào)研，指出要把嚴防境外疫情輸入作為當前乃至較長一段時間疫情防控的重中之重，增強防控措施的針對性和實效性，筑起應(yīng)對境外疫情輸入風險的堅固防線；強調(diào)要準確識變、科學(xué)應(yīng)變、主動求變，善于從眼前的危機、眼前的困難中捕捉和創(chuàng)造機遇；強調(diào)要在嚴格做好疫情防控工作的前提下，有力有序推動復(fù)工復(fù)產(chǎn)提速擴面，積極破解復(fù)工復(fù)產(chǎn)中的難點、堵點，推動全產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈聯(lián)動復(fù)工。
(9)March 29 to April 1: Xi Jinping made an inspection tour to Zhejiang Province to review its Covid-19 control and economic and social development.He stressed that guarding against inbound infections should be the top priority for the country both now and in the foreseeable future and that control must be targeted and effective so as to build a strong line of defense against inbound cases.He emphasized the need to remain sensitive to changes, respond to them with well-judged actions, be ready to adjust the approach when necessary, and identify and seize opportunities in the current crisis.He urged a steady return to work in more sectors while strictly continuing virus control measures and resolving problems hindering the return to work, so as to restore the operation of complete industrial chains.

（10）4月1日，中國海關(guān)在所有航空、水運、陸路口岸對全部入境人員實施核酸檢測。
(10)April 1: Chinese customs began nucleic acid testing (NAT) on inbound arrivals at all points of entry – air, water and land.

（11）4月4日清明節(jié)，舉行全國性哀悼活動，全國各地各族人民深切悼念抗擊新冠肺炎疫情斗爭犧牲烈士和逝世同胞。
(11)April 4: A nationwide ceremony was held on the traditional Tomb-sweeping Day to pay tribute to all those who had given their lives in fighting Covid-19, and others who had died of the novel coronavirus.

（12）4月6日，國務(wù)院聯(lián)防聯(lián)控機制印發(fā)《關(guān)于進一步做好重點場所重點單位重點人群新冠肺炎疫情防控相關(guān)工作的通知》和《新冠病毒無癥狀感染者管理規(guī)范》。
(12)April 6: Through its Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism, the State Council issued Notice on Prevention and Control Measures for Key Locations, Organizations and Population Groups, and Manual for Management of Asymptomatic Virus Carriers.

（13）4月7日，中央應(yīng)對疫情工作領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組印發(fā)《關(guān)于在有效防控疫情的同時積極有序推進復(fù)工復(fù)產(chǎn)的指導(dǎo)意見》，國務(wù)院聯(lián)防聯(lián)控機制印發(fā)《全國不同風險地區(qū)企事業(yè)單位復(fù)工復(fù)產(chǎn)疫情防控措施指南》。各地做好復(fù)工復(fù)產(chǎn)相關(guān)疫情防控，分區(qū)分級恢復(fù)生產(chǎn)秩序。
(13)April 7: The Central Leading Group for Novel Coronavirus Prevention and Control issued Guidelines on Resumption of Work while Preventing and Controlling Covid-19; and the State Council released Guidelines on Covid-19 Prevention and Control Measures for Localities at Different Risk Levels to Resume Work. Region-specific and tiered measures for Covid-19 control were adopted to pave the way for a return to normal work in different locations.

（14）4月8日，中共中央總書記習(xí)近平主持召開中共中央政治局常務(wù)委員會會議，指出要堅持底線思維，做好較長時間應(yīng)對外部環(huán)境變化的思想準備和工作準備；強調(diào)“外防輸入、內(nèi)防反彈”防控工作決不能放松；強調(diào)要抓好無癥狀感染者精準防控，把疫情防控網(wǎng)扎得更密更牢，堵住所有可能導(dǎo)致疫情反彈的漏洞；強調(diào)要加強陸海口岸疫情防控，最大限度減少境外輸入關(guān)聯(lián)本地病例。
(14)April 8: Xi Jinping chaired a meeting of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee. He reiterated the need to stay alert against potential risks and be prepared, both in thinking and action, to respond to long-term changes in the external environment.He warned against any relaxation of the efforts to both stop inbound cases and forestall domestic resurgence of cases. Targeted measures should be taken to manage asymptomatic cases, build a strong line of defense and plug any loopholes that might cause a resurgence of the virus. Control at land and sea points of entry should be tightened to minimize domestic cases caused by inbound arrivals carrying the virus.

（15）4月8日起，武漢市解除持續(xù)76天的離漢離鄂通道管控措施，有序恢復(fù)對外交通，逐步恢復(fù)正常生產(chǎn)生活秩序。
(15)April 8: Wuhan lifted its 76-day outbound traffic restrictions; and local work and daily life began to return to normal.

（16）4月10日，湖北省在院治療的重癥、危重癥患者首次降至兩位數(shù)。
(16)April 10: The number of patients in severe or critical condition in Hubei dropped to double digits for the first time.

（17）4月14日，國務(wù)院總理李克強在北京出席東盟與中日韓（10+3）抗擊新冠肺炎疫情領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人特別會議并發(fā)表講話，介紹中國統(tǒng)籌推進疫情防控和經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展的經(jīng)驗，提出全力加強防控合作、努力恢復(fù)經(jīng)濟發(fā)展、著力密切政策協(xié)調(diào)等合作倡議。
(17)April 14: Premier Li Keqiang delivered a speech at a special meeting attended by leaders of ASEAN nations, China, Japan, the Republic of Korea on fight against the novel coronavirus. He shared with these leaders China’s experience in coordinating the fight against the virus with its efforts to continue economic and social development. He proposed to strengthen cooperation on the fight against the virus, on efforts to resume economic development, and on policy coordination among the participating countries.

（18）4月15日，中共中央總書記習(xí)近平主持召開中共中央政治局常務(wù)委員會會議，聽取疫情防控工作和當前經(jīng)濟形勢匯報，研究疫情防控和經(jīng)濟工作。
(18)April 15: Xi Jinping chaired a meeting of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee to hear briefings on virus control and current economic conditions, and discuss virus response measures and ways to sustain economic growth.

（19）4月17日，中共中央總書記習(xí)近平主持召開中共中央政治局會議，強調(diào)要抓緊抓實抓細常態(tài)化疫情防控，因時因勢完善“外防輸入、內(nèi)防反彈”各項措施并切實抓好落實，不斷鞏固疫情持續(xù)向好形勢；強調(diào)要堅持穩(wěn)中求進工作總基調(diào)，在穩(wěn)的基礎(chǔ)上積極進取，在常態(tài)化疫情防控中全面推進復(fù)工復(fù)產(chǎn)達產(chǎn)，恢復(fù)正常經(jīng)濟社會秩序，培育壯大新的增長點增長極，牢牢把握發(fā)展主動權(quán)。
(19)April 17: Xi Jinping chaired a meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee. He called for full implementation of virus control measures to prevent both inbound cases and domestic resurgence and to build positive momentum in Covid-19 control.He emphasized the need to follow the general principles of pursuing stable performance and making new progress, returning to work while continuing Covid-19 control, restoring economic and social order, fostering new growth areas, and actively promoting development.

（20）4月17日，武漢市新冠肺炎疫情防控指揮部發(fā)布《關(guān)于武漢市新冠肺炎確診病例數(shù)確診病例死亡數(shù)訂正情況的通報》，對確診和死亡病例數(shù)進行訂正。截至4月16日24時，確診病例核增325例，累計確診病例數(shù)訂正為50333例；確診病例的死亡病例核增1290例，累計確診病例的死亡數(shù)訂正為3869例。
(20)April 17: Wuhan City Novel Coronavirus Prevention and Control Command Center released Briefing on Modifying the Figures of Confirmed Covid-19 Cases and Fatalities in Wuhan. By midnight on April 16, the total number of confirmed cases in the city had been revised up by 325 to 50,333, and the number of deaths up by 1,290 to 3,869.

（21）4月20日至23日，中共中央總書記、國家主席、中央軍委主席習(xí)近平在陜西考察，指出要堅持穩(wěn)中求進工作總基調(diào)，堅持新發(fā)展理念，扎實做好穩(wěn)就業(yè)、穩(wěn)金融、穩(wěn)外貿(mào)、穩(wěn)外資、穩(wěn)投資、穩(wěn)預(yù)期工作，全面落實保居民就業(yè)、?；久裆?、保市場主體、保糧食能源安全、保產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈供應(yīng)鏈穩(wěn)定、?；鶎舆\轉(zhuǎn)任務(wù)，努力克服新冠肺炎疫情帶來的不利影響，確保完成決戰(zhàn)決勝脫貧攻堅目標任務(wù)，全面建成小康社會。
(21)April 20-23: Xi Jinping made an inspection tour to Shaanxi Province. He urged local officials to pursue steady performance, make new progress, and act according to the new development philosophy. He called on them to carry out the following tasks: stabilizing employment, finance, foreign trade, inbound investment, domestic investment, and market expectations, and guaranteeing jobs, daily living needs, food and energy, industrial and supply chains, the interests of market players, and the smooth functioning of grassroots government. By so doing, China could offset the adverse impact of Covid-19 and fulfill the goals of eliminating poverty and achieving moderate prosperity.

（22）4月23日，國務(wù)院總理李克強主持召開部分省市經(jīng)濟形勢視頻座談會，推動做好當前經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展工作。
(22)April 23: Premier Li Keqiang chaired a video conference on the economic situation in some provinces and cities in order to promote economic and social development in these regions.

（23）4月26日，武漢市所有新冠肺炎住院病例清零。
(23)April 26: The last hospitalized Covid-19 patient in Wuhan was discharged.

（24）4月27日，中共中央總書記、國家主席、中央軍委主席、中央全面深化改革委員會主任習(xí)近平主持召開中央全面深化改革委員會第十三次會議，強調(diào)中國疫情防控和復(fù)工復(fù)產(chǎn)之所以能夠有力推進，根本原因是中國共產(chǎn)黨的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和中國社會主義制度的優(yōu)勢發(fā)揮了無可比擬的重要作用；強調(diào)發(fā)展環(huán)境越是嚴峻復(fù)雜，越要堅定不移深化改革，健全各方面制度，完善治理體系，促進制度建設(shè)和治理效能更好轉(zhuǎn)化融合，善于運用制度優(yōu)勢應(yīng)對風險挑戰(zhàn)沖擊。
(24)April 27: Xi Jinping chaired the 13th meeting of the Commission for Further Reform under the CPC Central Committee. He pointed out that the CPC leadership and China’s socialist system had played a critical role in Covid-19 control and the resumption of business activities in China. As the environment for development became more complicated, China should be more resolute in furthering reform and improving its governing systems, and it should fully leverage its strengths to deal with risks and challenges.

（25）4月27日，經(jīng)中共中央總書記習(xí)近平和中共中央批準，中央指導(dǎo)組離鄂返京。
(25) April 27: The Central Steering Group returned to Beijing from Hubei.

（五）第五階段：全國疫情防控進入常態(tài)化
Stage V: Ongoing Prevention and Control

（4月29日以來）
(Since April 29, 2020)

境內(nèi)疫情總體呈零星散發(fā)狀態(tài)，局部地區(qū)出現(xiàn)散發(fā)病例引起的聚集性疫情，境外輸入病例基本得到控制，疫情積極向好態(tài)勢持續(xù)鞏固，全國疫情防控進入常態(tài)化。加大力度推進復(fù)工復(fù)產(chǎn)復(fù)學(xué)，常態(tài)化防控措施經(jīng)受“五一”假期考驗。經(jīng)中共中央批準，國務(wù)院聯(lián)防聯(lián)控機制派出聯(lián)絡(luò)組，繼續(xù)加強湖北省疫情防控。（圖8）
Sporadic cases have been reported on the mainland, resulting in case clusters in some locations. Inbound cases are generally under control. The positive momentum in Covid-19 control has thus been locked in, and nationwide virus control is now being conducted on an ongoing basis. China has made vigorous efforts to resume work and reopen schools. The ongoing control measures passed the test of the travel peak during the May Day holiday.With the approval of the CPC Central Committee, an inter-departmental contact group under the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council was dispatched to Hubei to oversee local virus control (see Chart 8).

（1）4月29日，中共中央總書記習(xí)近平主持召開中共中央政治局常務(wù)委員會會議，指出經(jīng)過艱苦卓絕的努力，湖北保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)、武漢保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)取得決定性成果，全國疫情防控阻擊戰(zhàn)取得重大戰(zhàn)略成果；強調(diào)要抓好重點地區(qū)、重點群體疫情防控工作，有針對性加強輸入性風險防控工作。
(1)April 29: Xi Jinping chaired a meeting of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee. He concluded that thanks to arduous efforts, China had won a vital battle in defending Wuhan and Hubei against the novel coronavirus, and achieved a major strategic success in the nationwide control efforts. At the same time, he emphasized that virus control should continue in key regions and target key groups, with a focus on inbound cases.

（2）4月30日，京津冀地區(qū)突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件應(yīng)急響應(yīng)級別由一級響應(yīng)調(diào)整為二級響應(yīng)。
(2) April 30: The public health emergency response was lowered to Level 2 in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.

（3）5月1日，世界衛(wèi)生組織宣布，鑒于當前國際疫情形勢，新冠肺炎疫情仍然構(gòu)成“國際關(guān)注的突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件”。
(3)May 1: The WHO announced that given the current international Covid-19 dynamics, the novel coronavirus still remained a “public health emergency of international concern”.

（4）5月2日，湖北省突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件應(yīng)急響應(yīng)級別由一級響應(yīng)調(diào)整為二級響應(yīng)。
(4)May 2: The public health emergency response was lowered to Level 2 in Hubei.

（5）5月4日，經(jīng)中共中央批準，國務(wù)院聯(lián)防聯(lián)控機制設(shè)立聯(lián)絡(luò)組，赴湖北省武漢市開展工作。
(5)May 4: An inter-departmental contact group under the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism of the State Council was dispatched to Wuhan with the approval of the CPC Central Committee.

（6）5月6日，中共中央總書記習(xí)近平主持召開中共中央政治局常務(wù)委員會會議，指出在黨中央堅強領(lǐng)導(dǎo)和全國各族人民大力支持下，中央指導(dǎo)組同湖北人民和武漢人民并肩作戰(zhàn)，下最大氣力控制疫情流行，努力守住全國疫情防控第一道防線，為打贏疫情防控的人民戰(zhàn)爭、總體戰(zhàn)、阻擊戰(zhàn)作出了重要貢獻；指出中共中央決定繼續(xù)派出聯(lián)絡(luò)組，加強對湖北省和武漢市疫情防控后續(xù)工作指導(dǎo)支持，繼續(xù)指導(dǎo)做好治愈患者康復(fù)和心理疏導(dǎo)工作，鞏固疫情防控成果，決不能前功盡棄。
(6)May 6: Xi Jinping chaired a meeting of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee. He pointed out that under the strong leadership of the Central Committee and with the support of all the people, the Central Steering Group had been working with the people of Wuhan and other parts of Hubei Province. They had done their utmost in the fight to curb the spread of the virus and erected a first line of defense for the nation, making a significant contribution to beating the virus.He said the contact group should guide and support follow-up work in Wuhan and other parts of Hubei and advise on the rehabilitation and psychological counseling of patients in recovery, to ensure that the gains would be consolidated.

（7）5月7日，國務(wù)院聯(lián)防聯(lián)控機制印發(fā)《關(guān)于做好新冠肺炎疫情常態(tài)化防控工作的指導(dǎo)意見》。
(7)May 7: Through the Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism, the State Council released Guidelines on Conducting Covid-19 Prevention and Control on an Ongoing Basis.

（8）5月8日，中共中央召開黨外人士座談會，就新冠肺炎疫情防控工作聽取各民主黨派中央、全國工商聯(lián)和無黨派人士代表的意見和建議，中共中央總書記習(xí)近平主持座談會并發(fā)表重要講話，強調(diào)面對突如其來的疫情，中共中央高度重視，堅持把人民生命安全和身體健康放在第一位，果斷采取一系列防控和救治舉措，用一個多月的時間初步遏制了疫情蔓延勢頭，用兩個月左右的時間將本土每日新增病例控制在個位數(shù)以內(nèi)，用3個月左右的時間取得了武漢保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)、湖北保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)的決定性成果；指出對一個擁有14億人口的大國來說，這樣的成績來之不易。
(8)May 8: The CPC Central Committee held a meeting to hear the views and proposals from the central committees of China’s eight other political parties, representatives of the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce, and prominent figures without party affiliation. General Secretary Xi chaired and addressed the meeting.He said that when the novel coronavirus struck, catching the country unawares, the CPC Central Committee gave its full attention to the matter. Putting people’s lives and health first, it swiftly adopted a series of policies on prevention and control of the virus and treatment of the infected. It took the country over a month to achieve initial success in curbing the spread of the virus, about two months to bring the daily figure of new domestic cases on the mainland down to single digits, and three months to win a decisive victory in defending Wuhan City and Hubei Province. For China, with a large population of 1.4 billion, this achievement did not come easily.

（9）5月11日至12日，中共中央總書記、國家主席、中央軍委主席習(xí)近平赴山西，就統(tǒng)籌推進常態(tài)化疫情防控和經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展工作、鞏固脫貧攻堅成果進行調(diào)研，強調(diào)要堅持穩(wěn)中求進工作總基調(diào)，堅持新發(fā)展理念，堅持以供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革為主線，扎實做好“六穩(wěn)”工作，全面落實“六?！比蝿?wù)，努力克服新冠肺炎疫情帶來的不利影響，在高質(zhì)量轉(zhuǎn)型發(fā)展上邁出更大步伐，確保完成決戰(zhàn)決勝脫貧攻堅目標任務(wù)，全面建成小康社會。
(9)May 11-12: Xi Jinping made an inspection tour to Shanxi Province to be briefed on what had been done in the province to conduct Covid-19 prevention and control on an ongoing basis while promoting economic and social development, and to consolidate gains in poverty alleviation.He urged local officials to act according to the new development philosophy for making steady progress, and carry out supply-side structural reform. They were required to stabilize the six fronts (employment, finance, foreign trade, inbound investment, domestic investment, and market expectations), and guarantee the six priorities (jobs, daily living needs, food and energy, industrial and supply chains, the interests of market players, and the smooth functioning of grassroots government).He called on local officials to overcome the adverse impact of the virus, accelerate high-quality economic transformation, and meet the goals of eliminating poverty and achieving moderate prosperity in all respects.

（10）5月14日，中共中央總書記習(xí)近平主持召開中共中央政治局常務(wù)委員會會議，指出要加強重點地區(qū)、重點場所內(nèi)防反彈工作，近期發(fā)生聚集性疫情的地區(qū)要有針對性加強防控措施；強調(diào)要針對境外疫情的新情況新趨勢，采取更加靈活管用的措施，強化外防輸入重點領(lǐng)域和薄弱環(huán)節(jié)。
(10)May 14: Xi Jinping chaired a meeting of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee. He urged that Covid-19 control be strengthened in key areas and key places to prevent its resurgence, and that targeted measures be taken where case clusters had recently occurred. Flexible and effective measures should be adopted to respond to evolving Covid-19 dynamics overseas, and key sectors and weak links in the prevention of inbound infection should be shored up.

（11）5月15日，中共中央總書記習(xí)近平主持召開中共中央政治局會議，討論國務(wù)院擬提請第十三屆全國人民代表大會第三次會議審議的《政府工作報告》稿，指出做好今年工作，要緊扣全面建成小康社會目標任務(wù)，統(tǒng)籌推進疫情防控和經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展工作，在常態(tài)化疫情防控前提下，堅持穩(wěn)中求進工作總基調(diào)，堅持新發(fā)展理念，堅持以供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革為主線，堅持以改革開放為動力推動高質(zhì)量發(fā)展，堅決打好三大攻堅戰(zhàn)，扎實做好“六穩(wěn)”工作，全面落實“六保”任務(wù)，堅定實施擴大內(nèi)需戰(zhàn)略，維護經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和社會穩(wěn)定大局，確保完成決戰(zhàn)決勝脫貧攻堅目標任務(wù)，全面建成小康社會。
(11)May 15: Xi Jinping chaired a meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee to discuss the draft Report on the Work of the Government, which the State Council would submit to the forthcoming Third Session of the 13th National People’s Congress for deliberation.He pointed out that to fulfill the tasks of the year, the nation must carry out Covid-19 prevention and control as well as promoting economic and social development to reach the goal of achieving moderate prosperity in all respects.He said that while conducting control on an ongoing basis, the country should continue to deliver steady performance, act according to the new development philosophy, conduct supply-side structural reform, promote high-quality development through further reform and opening up, and continue the three critical battles against poverty, pollution and major risks. There should be solid progress in stabilizing the six fronts and guaranteeing the six priorities. Domestic consumption must be expanded, and economic development and social stability must be maintained, so as to fulfill the goals of eliminating poverty and achieving moderate prosperity in all respects.

（12）5月18日，國家主席習(xí)近平在第73屆世界衛(wèi)生大會視頻會議開幕式上發(fā)表題為《團結(jié)合作戰(zhàn)勝疫情　共同構(gòu)建人類衛(wèi)生健康共同體》的致辭。
(12)May 18: President Xi delivered a speech titled “Fighting Covid-19 through Solidarity and Cooperation, Building a Global Community of Health for All” at the opening of the 73rd World Health Assembly.

（13）5月21日至27日，全國政協(xié)十三屆三次會議在北京舉行。5月22日至28日，十三屆全國人大三次會議在北京舉行。
(13) May 21-27: The Third Session of the 13th National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference was held in Beijing. May 22-28: The Third Session of the 13th National People’s Congress was held in Beijing.