美國(guó)國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)研究局在當(dāng)?shù)貢r(shí)間6月8日發(fā)布聲明稱，今年2月份，美國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)和就業(yè)達(dá)到了一個(gè)“清晰”且“明確”的峰值，之后開始下降。這標(biāo)志著始于2009年6月的經(jīng)濟(jì)擴(kuò)張結(jié)束，同時(shí)也標(biāo)志著美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退的開始。這也是美國(guó)自2008年金融危機(jī)過后的首次衰退，并正式終結(jié)了新冠肺炎疫情暴發(fā)前持續(xù)了長(zhǎng)達(dá)128個(gè)月之久的歷史性經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)周期。

The economic downturn in the US triggered by the pandemic has been officially declared a recession.

由于受到新冠肺炎疫情的影響，美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)正式陷入衰退。

The National Bureau of Economic Research made the designation on Monday, citing the scale and severity of the current contraction.

美國(guó)國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)研究局根據(jù)當(dāng)前經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退的規(guī)模和嚴(yán)重程度在當(dāng)?shù)貢r(shí)間6月8日宣布了這一判斷。

It said activity and employment hit a "clear" and "well-defined" peak in February, before falling.

該機(jī)構(gòu)表示，今年2月份，美國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)和就業(yè)達(dá)到了一個(gè)“清晰”且“明確”的峰值，之后開始下降。

The ruling puts a formal end to what had been more than a decade of economic expansion - the longest in US history.

這一判定正式結(jié)束了美國(guó)長(zhǎng)達(dá)10多年的經(jīng)濟(jì)擴(kuò)張——這是美國(guó)歷史上持續(xù)時(shí)間最長(zhǎng)的一次。

Meanwhile, US markets continued their rebound on Monday, as investors remained optimistic that the downturn will be short-lived.

與此同時(shí)，美國(guó)股市本周一（6月8日）繼續(xù)反彈，投資者仍樂觀地認(rèn)為，經(jīng)濟(jì)低迷將是暫時(shí)的。

short-lived [????t ?l?vd]：adj.短暫的，短期的

A recession was expected after the US economy contracted 5% in the first three months of the year.

美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)在今年前三個(gè)月下降了5%，因此經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退也在意料之中。

Employers also reported cutting roughly 22 million jobs in March and April, as restrictions on activity intended to help control the virus forced many businesses to close.

旨在控制病毒傳播的限制措施迫使許多企業(yè)停業(yè)，美國(guó)的雇主們?cè)诮衲?月和4月裁員約2200萬人。

Some economists are hopeful that the job losses have now stopped, and a rebound has begun. In May, US employers added 2.5 million jobs, as states started reopening.

一些經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家滿懷希望地認(rèn)為裁員已經(jīng)終止，經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇已經(jīng)開始。5月份，隨著各州開始重新開放，美國(guó)增加了250萬個(gè)工作崗位。

The National Bureau of Economic Research, a private research organisation, said it viewed the scale of the decline that started in February as more significant than its duration.

私營(yíng)研究機(jī)構(gòu)美國(guó)國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)研究局認(rèn)為，始于2月份的這次衰退規(guī)模比持續(xù)時(shí)間更重要。

"The unprecedented magnitude of the decline in employment and production, and its broad reach across the entire economy, warrants the designation of this episode as a recession, even if it turns out to be briefer than earlier contractions," it said.

該機(jī)構(gòu)稱：“就業(yè)和生產(chǎn)史無前例的下降規(guī)模及其對(duì)整體經(jīng)濟(jì)的廣泛影響，使我們有理由將這一時(shí)期稱為衰退，盡管其持續(xù)時(shí)間比之前的經(jīng)濟(jì)收縮更為短暫?！?/p>

The bureau typically defines a recession as an economic contraction that lasts "more than a few months".

該機(jī)構(gòu)通常將衰退定義為持續(xù)“數(shù)月以上”的經(jīng)濟(jì)收縮。

It has declared 12 recessions since 1948, the longest of which was the Great Recession, which lasted 18 months, from December 2007 to June 2009.

自1948年以來，該機(jī)構(gòu)宣布了12次經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退，其中最長(zhǎng)的一次是2007年12月至2009年6月的“大衰退”，持續(xù)了18個(gè)月。

US financial markets, which tumbled in February amid signs of the economic collapse, have been on the upswing since March, due to investor hopes that economic damage will be limited, thanks to emergency relief from Congress and the central bank.

美國(guó)金融市場(chǎng)曾在2月份因經(jīng)濟(jì)崩潰的跡象而暴跌，但由于投資者希望，得益于美國(guó)國(guó)會(huì)和美聯(lián)儲(chǔ)的緊急救助，他們面臨的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失會(huì)是有限的，因此市場(chǎng)自3月份以來一直在回升。

On Monday, the Nasdaq index closed at 9,924.7, gaining 1.1% to top its pre-pandemic record.

本周一（6月8日），納斯達(dá)克指數(shù)收于9924.7點(diǎn)，上漲1.1%，刷新了新冠肺炎疫情之前的紀(jì)錄。

The S&P 500 rose 1.2% to close at 3,232.3 - returning to where it started the year - while the Dow Jones Industrial Average climbed 1.7% to 27,572.4. The two indexes are now less than 10% lower than their pre-pandemic peaks.

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾500指數(shù)上漲1.2%，收于3232.3點(diǎn)，回到年初水平，道瓊斯工業(yè)平均指數(shù)上漲1.7%，收于27572.4點(diǎn)。這兩個(gè)指數(shù)現(xiàn)在比疫情前的峰值低了不到10%。

Many economists have warned that the economic pain is likely to linger, even if the worst has passed.

許多經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家警告說，即使最糟糕的時(shí)期已經(jīng)過去，經(jīng)濟(jì)陣痛可能還會(huì)持續(xù)下去。

The World Bank on Monday said it expected the global economy to shrink by 5.2% this year, in the deepest recession since World War Two.

世界銀行本周一（6月8日）表示，預(yù)計(jì)今年全球經(jīng)濟(jì)將下滑5.2%，是二戰(zhàn)以來最嚴(yán)重的衰退。

It said it expected the US economy to contract by 6.1% and the Euro area to shrink by 9.1%.

世界銀行預(yù)計(jì)美國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)將下降6.1%，歐元區(qū)將下降9.1%。

While global growth of 4.2% is expected to return next year, the bank warned that the outlook is "highly uncertain and downside risks are predominant, including the possibility of a more protracted pandemic, financial upheaval and retreat from global trade and supply linkages".

盡管預(yù)計(jì)明年全球經(jīng)濟(jì)將恢復(fù)4.2%的增長(zhǎng)，但世行警告稱，前景“高度不確定，下行風(fēng)險(xiǎn)占主導(dǎo)地位，包括疫情可能持續(xù)更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間、金融動(dòng)蕩以及全球貿(mào)易和供應(yīng)聯(lián)系的倒退”。

英文來源：BBC

翻譯&編輯：yaning