我國(guó)首個(gè)單針接種新冠疫苗獲批上市
中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng) 2021-03-01 11:15
2月25日,由中國(guó)工程院院士、軍事科學(xué)院軍事醫(yī)學(xué)研究院研究員陳薇領(lǐng)銜的團(tuán)隊(duì)研發(fā)的我國(guó)重組新冠病毒疫苗(腺病毒載體新冠疫苗),獲國(guó)家藥品監(jiān)督管理局附條件批準(zhǔn)(conditional market approval)上市注冊(cè)申請(qǐng)。
The vaccine, called Ad5-nCoV, has an efficacy rate of 65.7 percent at preventing symptomatic cases and is 90.9 percent effective in preventing severe disease with a single injection, according to interim analysis of late-stage human trials released in February.
今年2月發(fā)布的三期人體試驗(yàn)中期結(jié)果顯示,這款名為Ad5-nCoV的疫苗單針接種后,對(duì)抗輕癥的有效性為65.7%,對(duì)重癥的有效性為90.9%。
【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】
疫情發(fā)生以來(lái),國(guó)務(wù)院聯(lián)防聯(lián)控機(jī)制科研攻關(guān)組專(zhuān)門(mén)設(shè)立疫苗研發(fā)專(zhuān)班,按照滅活疫苗(inactivated vaccines)、重組蛋白疫苗(recombinant protein vaccines)、腺病毒載體疫苗(adenovirus vector vaccines)、減毒流感病毒載體活疫苗(vaccines using attenuated influenza virus as vectors)、核酸疫苗(nucleic acid vaccines)5條技術(shù)路線(xiàn)共布局12項(xiàng)研發(fā)任務(wù)。
中國(guó)疫苗行業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)會(huì)長(zhǎng)封多佳介紹,重組新冠腺病毒載體疫苗和我們熟知的新冠滅活疫苗在原理、制備方法等方面都不相同,但最終的免疫效果是一樣的。腺病毒載體疫苗(adenovirus vector vaccines)本質(zhì)上是核酸疫苗的一種,就是將病毒的核酸片段裝到經(jīng)過(guò)安全處理的腺病毒(genetically modified adenovirus)身上,再注射到人體內(nèi),這樣可以最大限度地發(fā)揮病毒核酸的抗原活性,激發(fā)身體的免疫作用(induce an immune response)。滅活疫苗(inactivated vaccines)則是將病毒殺死,消除致病性,保留免疫性,同樣是為了激發(fā)身體的免疫作用。
Targeting people aged above 18, the vaccine can be transported and stored at a temperature ranging from 2 to 8 degrees Celsius.
該疫苗接種對(duì)象為18歲以上人群,可在2至8攝氏度間運(yùn)輸和存儲(chǔ)。
腺病毒載體疫苗單針保護(hù)期至少6個(gè)月
陳薇院士接受央視采訪時(shí)表示:
Data shows a single dose should provide protection for six months, and there is no need to take an additional shot during the six-month period.
數(shù)據(jù)顯示,單針接種產(chǎn)生的保護(hù)期為6個(gè)月,6個(gè)月內(nèi)無(wú)需再接種。
We also created booster shots for inoculation after six months, and with a single booster, we can increase the immune response by 10 to 20 times. Based on available data, we estimate two shots can provide protection for two years.
我們也做了6個(gè)月以后的加強(qiáng)針,再打一針,免疫反應(yīng)可以有10倍、20倍的增高。根據(jù)數(shù)據(jù),我們推測(cè)在兩針之后,達(dá)到兩年的免疫持久性。
年產(chǎn)能可達(dá)5億劑
陳薇院士表示:
China is capable of producing 500 million doses of the vaccine annually, which can cover 500 million people.
我國(guó)年產(chǎn)能可達(dá)到5億劑,相當(dāng)于是5億人的接種。
寧愿?jìng)涠挥?,不能用而不?/strong>
In regards to the vaccine's efficacy against mutated strains of SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID-19, Chen said they are keeping a close eye on the situation and have begun developing vaccines for these new variants. "We may not need these vaccines, but we cannot be caught unprepared."
至于該疫苗對(duì)變異毒株的有效性,陳薇表示,他們團(tuán)隊(duì)在密切關(guān)注相關(guān)情況,且早已啟動(dòng)針對(duì)變異株的疫苗研發(fā),這個(gè)疫苗不一定用得上,但寧愿?jìng)涠挥茫荒苡枚粋洹?/p>
【相關(guān)詞匯】
藥品和疫苗研發(fā) drug and vaccine development
隨機(jī)試驗(yàn) random trial
雙盲試驗(yàn) double-blind trial
安慰劑對(duì)照試驗(yàn) placebo-controlled trial
免疫系統(tǒng) immune system
毒性試驗(yàn) toxicology test
有效性和安全性研究 safety and efficacy research
參考來(lái)源:央視新聞、新華網(wǎng)、中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)
(中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)英語(yǔ)點(diǎn)津 Helen)