今年的《政府工作報告》提出：

The period covered by the 14th Five-Year Plan will be the first five years in which we embark on a new journey to build China into a modern socialist country in all respects. China remains in an important period of strategic opportunity for development. Yet, there are changes in both the opportunities and challenges we face. We should have an accurate understanding of this new stage of development, fully apply the new development philosophy, and accelerate our efforts to create a new development pattern to promote high-quality development. By doing so, we will set the stage for building a modern socialist country in all respects.
“十四五”時期是開啟全面建設(shè)社會主義現(xiàn)代化國家新征程的第一個五年。我國發(fā)展仍然處于重要戰(zhàn)略機遇期，但機遇和挑戰(zhàn)都有新的發(fā)展變化，要準確把握新發(fā)展階段，深入貫徹新發(fā)展理念，加快構(gòu)建新發(fā)展格局，推動高質(zhì)量發(fā)展，為全面建設(shè)社會主義現(xiàn)代化國家開好局起好步。

這里的新發(fā)展階段（new development stage）、新發(fā)展理念（new development philosophy）、新發(fā)展格局（new development paradigm）就是“三新”。

新發(fā)展階段、新發(fā)展理念、新發(fā)展格局是理解當下和未來中國的三個關(guān)鍵詞。新發(fā)展階段，是中國發(fā)展的歷史方位；新發(fā)展理念，是中國現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的指導(dǎo)原則；新發(fā)展格局，是中國經(jīng)濟現(xiàn)代化的路徑選擇。

“三新”有何深意？我們簡單為您介紹。

新發(fā)展階段 new development stage

黨的十九屆五中全會提出，

After finishing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects and achieving the first centenary goal, we will mark the first five years of China's new journey toward fully building a modern socialist country and march toward the second centenary goal, which means that China's development will enter a new stage.
全面建成小康社會、實現(xiàn)第一個百年奮斗目標之后，我們要乘勢而上開啟全面建設(shè)社會主義現(xiàn)代化國家新征程、向第二個百年奮斗目標進軍，這標志著我國進入了一個新發(fā)展階段。

進入新發(fā)展階段，發(fā)展任務(wù)已經(jīng)由實現(xiàn)第一個百年奮斗目標轉(zhuǎn)向?qū)崿F(xiàn)第二個百年奮斗目標。經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展的重心將逐步從重視經(jīng)濟規(guī)模的“高增速”（high-speed growth）轉(zhuǎn)到提高效率和質(zhì)量上來，實現(xiàn)“高質(zhì)量”發(fā)展（high-quality development）成為新的發(fā)展主題。

新發(fā)展理念 new development philosophy

在黨的十八屆五中全會上，習(xí)近平總書記提出要牢固樹立并切實貫徹創(chuàng)新、協(xié)調(diào)、綠色、開放、共享的發(fā)展理念（concept of innovative, coordinated, green, open and shared development），并強調(diào)這是關(guān)系我國發(fā)展全局的一場深刻變革，必須充分認識這場變革的重大現(xiàn)實意義和深遠歷史意義。

2021年1月28日，習(xí)近平主持中央政治局第二十七次集體學(xué)習(xí)時強調(diào)，

The new development philosophy is a systematic theoretical system, which answers a series of theoretical and practical questions about the purpose, motivation, mode and path of development. It also clarifies major political issues including the Party's political stand, value orientation and the mode and path for development.
新發(fā)展理念是一個系統(tǒng)的理論體系，回答了關(guān)于發(fā)展的目的、動力、方式、路徑等一系列理論和實踐問題，闡明了我們黨關(guān)于發(fā)展的政治立場、價值導(dǎo)向、發(fā)展模式、發(fā)展道路等重大政治問題。

新發(fā)展格局 new development paradigm

2020年5月14日召開的中共中央政治局常務(wù)委員會會議指出，

We should further deepening the supply-side structural reform and leverage the advantages of China's super-large market and domestic demand potential to create a new development pattern where domestic and foreign market can boost each other.
要深化供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革，充分發(fā)揮我國超大規(guī)模市場優(yōu)勢和內(nèi)需潛力，構(gòu)建國內(nèi)國際雙循環(huán)相互促進的新發(fā)展格局。

2020年5月23日，習(xí)近平看望參加全國政協(xié)十三屆三次會議的經(jīng)濟界委員時強調(diào)，

We should make steady progress in creating a new development pattern where domestic and foreign markets can boost each other, with domestic market as the mainstay.
逐步形成以國內(nèi)大循環(huán)為主體、國內(nèi)國際雙循環(huán)相互促進的新發(fā)展格局。

2020年9月1日，習(xí)近平主持召開中央全面深化改革委員會第十五次會議時強調(diào)，

Accelerating the establishment of a new development pattern featuring dual circulation, which takes the domestic market as the mainstay while letting domestic and foreign markets boost each other, is a strategic decision made in accordance with changes in China's development stage, environment and conditions, and a systematic deep-level reform concerning the overall situation of the country.
加快形成以國內(nèi)大循環(huán)為主體、國內(nèi)國際雙循環(huán)相互促進的新發(fā)展格局，是根據(jù)我國發(fā)展階段、環(huán)境、條件變化作出的戰(zhàn)略決策，是事關(guān)全局的系統(tǒng)性深層次變革。

構(gòu)建國內(nèi)國際雙循環(huán)新發(fā)展格局首先要形成以國內(nèi)大循環(huán)為主體的國民經(jīng)濟循環(huán)（national economic circulation which takes the domestic market as the mainstay），這是新發(fā)展格局的前提和條件。

同時，新發(fā)展格局不是封閉的國內(nèi)循環(huán)（it's not a development loop behind closed doors），而是更加開放的國內(nèi)國際雙循環(huán)（more open domestic and international circulations）。要發(fā)揮國內(nèi)循環(huán)對國際循環(huán)的帶動作用、進而形成國內(nèi)國際雙循環(huán)相互促進發(fā)展，就必須要實行對外開放（open up）。只有依靠高水平開放發(fā)展，才能真正發(fā)揮國內(nèi)大循環(huán)對國際大循環(huán)的帶動作用（the driving force of domestic circulation will be fully unleashed to fuel international circulation），進而真正形成國內(nèi)國際雙循環(huán)相互促進的新發(fā)展格局。

參考來源：人民網(wǎng)、新華網(wǎng)、求是網(wǎng)

編輯：馬文英