中共中央政治局5月29日下午就建設(shè)教育強(qiáng)國(guó)進(jìn)行第五次集體學(xué)習(xí)。中共中央總書記習(xí)近平在主持學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)，教育興則國(guó)家興，教育強(qiáng)則國(guó)家強(qiáng)。建設(shè)教育強(qiáng)國(guó)，是全面建成社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化強(qiáng)國(guó)的戰(zhàn)略先導(dǎo)，是實(shí)現(xiàn)高水平科技自立自強(qiáng)的重要支撐，是促進(jìn)全體人民共同富裕的有效途徑，是以中國(guó)式現(xiàn)代化全面推進(jìn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興的基礎(chǔ)工程。要全面貫徹黨的教育方針，堅(jiān)持以人民為中心發(fā)展教育，主動(dòng)超前布局、有力應(yīng)對(duì)變局、奮力開拓新局，加快推進(jìn)教育現(xiàn)代化，以教育之力厚植人民幸福之本，以教育之強(qiáng)夯實(shí)國(guó)家富強(qiáng)之基，為全面推進(jìn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興提供有力支撐。

清華大學(xué)黨委書記、中國(guó)科學(xué)院院士邱勇就這個(gè)問題進(jìn)行講解，提出工作建議。中央政治局的同志認(rèn)真聽取了講解，并進(jìn)行了討論。

習(xí)近平在聽取講解和討論后發(fā)表了重要講話。他指出，黨的十八大以來，黨中央堅(jiān)持把教育作為國(guó)之大計(jì)、黨之大計(jì)，作出加快教育現(xiàn)代化、建設(shè)教育強(qiáng)國(guó)的重大決策，推動(dòng)新時(shí)代教育事業(yè)取得歷史性成就、發(fā)生格局性變化。我國(guó)已建成世界上規(guī)模最大的教育體系，教育現(xiàn)代化發(fā)展總體水平跨入世界中上國(guó)家行列。據(jù)測(cè)算，我國(guó)目前的教育強(qiáng)國(guó)指數(shù)居全球第23位，比2012年上升26位，是進(jìn)步最快的國(guó)家。這充分證明，中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義教育發(fā)展道路是完全正確的。

習(xí)近平強(qiáng)調(diào)，我們要建設(shè)的教育強(qiáng)國(guó)，是中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義教育強(qiáng)國(guó)，必須以堅(jiān)持黨對(duì)教育事業(yè)的全面領(lǐng)導(dǎo)為根本保證，以立德樹人為根本任務(wù)，以為黨育人、為國(guó)育才為根本目標(biāo)，以服務(wù)中華民族偉大復(fù)興為重要使命，以教育理念、體系、制度、內(nèi)容、方法、治理現(xiàn)代化為基本路徑，以支撐引領(lǐng)中國(guó)式現(xiàn)代化為核心功能，最終是辦好人民滿意的教育。

習(xí)近平指出，培養(yǎng)什么人、怎樣培養(yǎng)人、為誰培養(yǎng)人是教育的根本問題，也是建設(shè)教育強(qiáng)國(guó)的核心課題。我們建設(shè)教育強(qiáng)國(guó)的目的，就是培養(yǎng)一代又一代德智體美勞全面發(fā)展的社會(huì)主義建設(shè)者和接班人，培養(yǎng)一代又一代在社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)中可堪大用、能擔(dān)重任的棟梁之才，確保黨的事業(yè)和社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化強(qiáng)國(guó)建設(shè)后繼有人。要堅(jiān)持不懈用新時(shí)代中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義思想鑄魂育人，著力加強(qiáng)社會(huì)主義核心價(jià)值觀教育，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生樹立堅(jiān)定的理想信念，永遠(yuǎn)聽黨話、跟黨走，矢志奉獻(xiàn)國(guó)家和人民。堅(jiān)持改革創(chuàng)新，推進(jìn)大中小學(xué)思想政治教育一體化建設(shè)，提高思政課的針對(duì)性和吸引力。提高網(wǎng)絡(luò)育人能力，扎實(shí)做好互聯(lián)網(wǎng)時(shí)代的學(xué)校思想政治工作和意識(shí)形態(tài)工作。

習(xí)近平強(qiáng)調(diào)，要堅(jiān)持把高質(zhì)量發(fā)展作為各級(jí)各類教育的生命線，加快建設(shè)高質(zhì)量教育體系。建設(shè)教育強(qiáng)國(guó)，基點(diǎn)在基礎(chǔ)教育?；A(chǔ)教育搞得越扎實(shí)，教育強(qiáng)國(guó)步伐就越穩(wěn)、后勁就越足。要推進(jìn)學(xué)前教育普及普惠安全優(yōu)質(zhì)發(fā)展，推動(dòng)義務(wù)教育優(yōu)質(zhì)均衡發(fā)展和城鄉(xiāng)一體化?；A(chǔ)教育既要夯實(shí)學(xué)生的知識(shí)基礎(chǔ)，也要激發(fā)學(xué)生崇尚科學(xué)、探索未知的興趣，培養(yǎng)其探索性、創(chuàng)新性思維品質(zhì)。要在全社會(huì)樹立科學(xué)的人才觀、成才觀、教育觀，加快扭轉(zhuǎn)教育功利化傾向，形成健康的教育環(huán)境和生態(tài)。建設(shè)教育強(qiáng)國(guó)，龍頭是高等教育。要把加快建設(shè)中國(guó)特色、世界一流的大學(xué)和優(yōu)勢(shì)學(xué)科作為重中之重，大力加強(qiáng)基礎(chǔ)學(xué)科、新興學(xué)科、交叉學(xué)科建設(shè)，瞄準(zhǔn)世界科技前沿和國(guó)家重大戰(zhàn)略需求推進(jìn)科研創(chuàng)新，不斷提升原始創(chuàng)新能力和人才培養(yǎng)質(zhì)量。要建設(shè)全民終身學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)習(xí)型社會(huì)、學(xué)習(xí)型大國(guó)，促進(jìn)人人皆學(xué)、處處能學(xué)、時(shí)時(shí)可學(xué)，不斷提高國(guó)民受教育程度，全面提升人力資源開發(fā)水平，促進(jìn)人的全面發(fā)展。

習(xí)近平指出，要把服務(wù)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展作為建設(shè)教育強(qiáng)國(guó)的重要任務(wù)。建設(shè)教育強(qiáng)國(guó)、科技強(qiáng)國(guó)、人才強(qiáng)國(guó)具有內(nèi)在一致性和相互支撐性，要把三者有機(jī)結(jié)合起來、一體統(tǒng)籌推進(jìn)，形成推動(dòng)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展的倍增效應(yīng)。進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)科學(xué)教育、工程教育，加強(qiáng)拔尖創(chuàng)新人才自主培養(yǎng)，為解決我國(guó)關(guān)鍵核心技術(shù)攻關(guān)提供人才支撐。系統(tǒng)分析我國(guó)各方面人才發(fā)展趨勢(shì)及缺口狀況，根據(jù)科學(xué)技術(shù)發(fā)展態(tài)勢(shì)，聚焦國(guó)家重大戰(zhàn)略需求，動(dòng)態(tài)調(diào)整優(yōu)化高等教育學(xué)科設(shè)置，有的放矢培養(yǎng)國(guó)家戰(zhàn)略人才和急需緊缺人才，提升教育對(duì)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展的支撐力、貢獻(xiàn)力。統(tǒng)籌職業(yè)教育、高等教育、繼續(xù)教育，推進(jìn)職普融通、產(chǎn)教融合、科教融匯，源源不斷培養(yǎng)高素質(zhì)技術(shù)技能人才、大國(guó)工匠、能工巧匠。

習(xí)近平強(qiáng)調(diào)，從教育大國(guó)到教育強(qiáng)國(guó)是一個(gè)系統(tǒng)性躍升和質(zhì)變，必須以改革創(chuàng)新為動(dòng)力。要堅(jiān)持系統(tǒng)觀念，統(tǒng)籌推進(jìn)育人方式、辦學(xué)模式、管理體制、保障機(jī)制改革，堅(jiān)決破除一切制約教育高質(zhì)量發(fā)展的思想觀念束縛和體制機(jī)制弊端，全面提高教育治理體系和治理能力現(xiàn)代化水平。把促進(jìn)教育公平融入到深化教育領(lǐng)域綜合改革的各方面各環(huán)節(jié)，縮小教育的城鄉(xiāng)、區(qū)域、校際、群體差距，努力讓每個(gè)孩子都能享有公平而有質(zhì)量的教育，更好滿足群眾對(duì)“上好學(xué)”的需要。深化新時(shí)代教育評(píng)價(jià)改革，構(gòu)建多元主體參與、符合中國(guó)實(shí)際、具有世界水平的教育評(píng)價(jià)體系。加強(qiáng)教材建設(shè)和管理，牢牢把握正確政治方向和價(jià)值導(dǎo)向，用心打造培根鑄魂、啟智增慧的精品教材。教育數(shù)字化是我國(guó)開辟教育發(fā)展新賽道和塑造教育發(fā)展新優(yōu)勢(shì)的重要突破口。進(jìn)一步推進(jìn)數(shù)字教育，為個(gè)性化學(xué)習(xí)、終身學(xué)習(xí)、擴(kuò)大優(yōu)質(zhì)教育資源覆蓋面和教育現(xiàn)代化提供有效支撐。

習(xí)近平指出，要完善教育對(duì)外開放戰(zhàn)略策略，統(tǒng)籌做好“引進(jìn)來”和“走出去”兩篇大文章，有效利用世界一流教育資源和創(chuàng)新要素，使我國(guó)成為具有強(qiáng)大影響力的世界重要教育中心。要積極參與全球教育治理，大力推進(jìn)“留學(xué)中國(guó)”品牌建設(shè)，講好中國(guó)故事、傳播中國(guó)經(jīng)驗(yàn)、發(fā)出中國(guó)聲音，增強(qiáng)我國(guó)教育的國(guó)際影響力和話語權(quán)。

習(xí)近平強(qiáng)調(diào)，強(qiáng)教必先強(qiáng)師。要把加強(qiáng)教師隊(duì)伍建設(shè)作為建設(shè)教育強(qiáng)國(guó)最重要的基礎(chǔ)工作來抓，健全中國(guó)特色教師教育體系，大力培養(yǎng)造就一支師德高尚、業(yè)務(wù)精湛、結(jié)構(gòu)合理、充滿活力的高素質(zhì)專業(yè)化教師隊(duì)伍。弘揚(yáng)尊師重教社會(huì)風(fēng)尚，提高教師政治地位、社會(huì)地位、職業(yè)地位，使教師成為最受社會(huì)尊重的職業(yè)之一，支持和吸引優(yōu)秀人才熱心從教、精心從教、長(zhǎng)期從教、終身從教。加強(qiáng)師德師風(fēng)建設(shè)，引導(dǎo)廣大教師堅(jiān)定理想信念、陶冶道德情操、涵養(yǎng)扎實(shí)學(xué)識(shí)、勤修仁愛之心，樹立“躬耕教壇、強(qiáng)國(guó)有我”的志向和抱負(fù)，堅(jiān)守三尺講臺(tái)，潛心教書育人。

習(xí)近平最后強(qiáng)調(diào)，建設(shè)教育強(qiáng)國(guó)是全黨全社會(huì)的共同任務(wù)。要堅(jiān)持和加強(qiáng)黨對(duì)教育工作的全面領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，不斷完善黨委統(tǒng)一領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、黨政齊抓共管、部門各負(fù)其責(zé)的教育領(lǐng)導(dǎo)體制。各級(jí)黨委和政府要始終堅(jiān)持教育優(yōu)先發(fā)展，在組織領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、發(fā)展規(guī)劃、資源保障、經(jīng)費(fèi)投入上加大力度。學(xué)校、家庭、社會(huì)要緊密合作、同向發(fā)力，積極投身教育強(qiáng)國(guó)實(shí)踐，共同辦好教育強(qiáng)國(guó)事業(yè)。全黨全國(guó)人民要堅(jiān)定信心、久久為功，為早日實(shí)現(xiàn)教育強(qiáng)國(guó)目標(biāo)而共同努力。

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Xi calls for accelerated efforts to build leading country in education

The Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee held a group study session Monday on building a leading country in education. Xi Jinping, general secretary of the CPC Central Committee, presided over the session. He stressed that when education in a country thrives, the country will thrive, and strong education makes a strong nation. Xi said that building a leading country in education serves as a strategic precursor of building a great modern socialist country in all respects, an important support for achieving greater self-reliance and strength in science and technology, an effective approach to promoting common prosperity for all, and a fundamental project to advance the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation on all fronts through a Chinese path to modernization. It's imperative to fully implement the Party's policies on education, adhere to the people-centered principle in developing education, proactively make strategic planning in advance, effectively respond to changes, and vigorously explore new territories, so as to accelerate the modernization of education, facilitate people's wellbeing with what has been achieved in education, consolidate the foundation of national strength and prosperity with the strength of education, and provide strong support for advancing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation on all fronts.

Qiu Yong, secretary of the CPC Tsinghua University Committee and academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, gave a lecture on this issue and put forward suggestions about the work. Members of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee carefully listened to the lecture and had a discussion about it.

Xi made an important speech after listening to the lecture and discussion. He said that since the 18th CPC National Congress, the CPC Central Committee has held education as of being great significance to the future of the country and the Party, made important decisions to accelerate the modernization of education and build a leading country in education, and secured historic achievements and structural changes in developing education in the new era. China has established the largest education system in the world and joined the ranks of upper-middle level countries in terms of the overall level of modernization in education. According to estimates, China ranks the 23rd in a global education index, up 26 spots from 2012 with the fastest progress in the world. This fully demonstrates that the path of socialist education with Chinese characteristics is completely correct, Xi said.

Xi stressed that China needs to improve its strength in education, which should feature socialism with Chinese characteristics. It is imperative to adhere to the Party's overall leadership over education, and focus on fostering virtue through education as a fundamental task. Education must uphold it as its target to cultivate talent for the CPC and the nation, as its mission to serve the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, as its basic approach to promoting modernization in educational ideas, systems, rules, contents, methods and governance, and as its core role to play in supporting and leading Chinese modernization. All these efforts are supposed to make it possible for education to meet the needs of the people.

Xi noted that the fundamental issues education must address are what kind of talent we should cultivate, how and for whom, which are also core issues of building a leading country in education. Building a leading country in education is meant to nurture successive generations of capable young people with sound moral grounding, intellectual ability, physical vigor, aesthetic sensibility, and work skills who will fully develop socialism and carry forward the socialist cause, and shoulder important tasks in the process of socialist modernization, so as to ensure that they are successors to the cause of the Party and of building a great modern socialist country. It is necessary to use the Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era to cultivate soul and educate people, strengthen education about core socialist values, as well as guide students to develop firm ideals and convictions, follow the Party's instructions and path, and devote themselves to the nation and the people, Xi said. Reform must be furthered to explore new grounds in integrating the political education curriculum across all levels, from elementary schools to universities, and make relevant courses more targeted and appealing. Work should be done to let the internet play a more important and effective role in education, and to improve the political and ideological work of our schools in this internet age.

Xi stressed that high-quality development must be maintained as the lifeline for various types of education at all levels to build an educational system featuring high quality. To develop a leading country in education, priority must be given to basic education. Only when basic education enjoys sound development, can we make steady progress in building up our country's strength in education and sustaining its momentum. Work must be done to promote the popularization as well as safe and quality development of preschool education for the benefit of all, and promote high-quality, balanced and integrated development of urban and rural compulsory education. Basic education should not only help solidify students' knowledge foundation, but also arouse their interest in science and aspirations for exploring mysteries, thus nurturing their mindset for exploration and innovation. A scientific outlook on talent, personal career and education should be promoted in the whole society, and more work should be done to reverse the utilitarian trend in education so as to foster a healthy educational environment. To develop a leading country in education, higher education is the key. Priority must be given to the building of world-class universities and superior disciplines, and the development of basic, emerging and interdisciplinary subjects must be strengthened. Innovation in research must be developed by following the frontier developments in science and technology of the world and responding to the country's strategic needs, thus to constantly improve the capability for original innovation and the quality of personnel. We must build a learning-oriented society and nation, in which all residents pursue life-long study, and can study whenever and wherever they want to, so that the educational level can be raised for all residents, and human resources can be better developed, and as a result, well-rounded development can be promoted for all.

Xi noted that serving high-quality development should be regarded as a vital task of developing a strong educational sector. The undertakings of building China's strength in education, science and technology, and cultivating a quality workforce are consistent in essence and reinforce each other, so the three should be advanced in an integrated and coordinated manner to create multiplier effects in promoting high-quality development. Education in science and technology and engineering should be furthered. Greater efforts should be made to nurture China's top-notch and innovative talent on our own to provide support for achieving breakthroughs in core technologies in key fields. It is important to conduct systemic analysis of China's talent development trends and deficit in talent in all areas, and thereafter make dynamic adjustment of disciplines and programs for higher education in accordance with the trends of sci-tech development and the needs of the country's major strategies, so as to cultivate talented personnel of strategic importance and in urgent need and strengthen the role education should play in providing more support for and contributing to high-quality development. Xi called for coordinated efforts in developing vocational education, higher education and continuing education, and promoting integration between vocational education and general education, between industry and education, and between science and education, so as to continuously cultivate high-caliber technicians and skilled workers and master craftsmen.

Xi stressed that developing a large country in education into a leading one in this respect means systemic improvement and qualitative change, and reform and innovation must be maintained as a driving force for such transformation. Systems thinking must be upheld to promote reform in a coordinated manner in the ways students are cultivated, in the modes schools are run, in management system and support mechanisms. He urged efforts to resolutely break the shackles of stale thinking, remove the institutional obstacles to the high-quality development of education, and promote the modernization of China's system and capacity for governance in education on all fronts. It is essential to incorporate improving educational equality into all aspects and links of deepening comprehensive reform in education, narrow the gaps in education between urban and rural areas, between regions, between schools and between groups, strive to ensure every child's access to fair and quality education, and better meet the people's needs for good education. It is necessary to deepen the reform of educational evaluation in the new era, and build a world-class evaluation system that features multiparty participation and conforms to China's reality. It is imperative to enhance the development and regulation of textbooks, keep to the correct political orientation and values, and strive to make high-quality textbooks that cultivate souls and develop wisdom. Digital education is where our country can achieve breakthroughs in opening up new areas and forming fresh strength of educational development. More should be done to encourage digital education to support personalized learning, lifelong learning, expanding the reach of quality educational resources, and modern education.

Xi stressed the need to improve the strategy of educational opening up, put equal emphasis on introducing overseas educational resources and going global, and put to good use world-class educational resources and innovative factors, so as to make China an influential and important education hub in the world. It is important to participate in global education governance, vigorously promote the brand of "Study in China," tell China's stories well, spread China's experience, make China's voice heard, and enable China's education to be more influential and have a greater say in the world.

Xi emphasized that we must have better teachers first if we are to strengthen education. Strengthening the ranks of teachers should be regarded as the most important fundamental work for building China into a leading country in education. A teacher and education system with Chinese characteristics should be improved to cultivate a well-structured force of teachers sound in professional ethics and skill, and full of vigor. It is imperative to foster public respect for teachers and encourage public support for education, and enhance the political, social and professional status of teachers so that their occupation becomes one of the most respectable ones. Work should be done to support and attract excellent personnel to engage in teaching all their life with enthusiasm and meticulousness. Xi called for endeavors to foster professional ethics and conduct of teachers, stressing that teachers should be guided to be firm in their ideals and convictions, refine moral sentiment, cultivate solid learning, possess a deep sense of humanity, foster the ambition of always remaining hard-working in teaching to contribute to building China into a great country, stick to their posts and devote themselves to imparting knowledge and educating students.

Xi finally stressed that building China into a leading country in education is a common task facing the whole Party and the whole society. The Party's overall leadership over education work must be upheld, and efforts must be made to improve the leadership mechanism for education under unified leadership by Party committees, under which the Party and the governments work together and relevant departments perform their respective duties. Party committees and governments at all levels should always give high priority to the development of education, and make greater efforts in aspects including organization and leadership, making plans for development, ensuring sufficient resources and financial input. Schools, families and the society should cooperate closely, take actions to the same direction, and actively dedicate themselves to building a strong education system. The whole Party and people across the country should maintain firm confidence and work together persistently to achieve the goal of building China into a leading country in education as soon as possible.