中共中央總書記、國(guó)家主席、中央軍委主席、中央財(cái)經(jīng)委員會(huì)主任習(xí)近平7月20日下午主持召開中央財(cái)經(jīng)委員會(huì)第二次會(huì)議，研究加強(qiáng)耕地保護(hù)和鹽堿地綜合改造利用等問(wèn)題。習(xí)近平在會(huì)上發(fā)表重要講話強(qiáng)調(diào)，糧食安全是“國(guó)之大者”，耕地是糧食生產(chǎn)的命根子，要落實(shí)藏糧于地、藏糧于技戰(zhàn)略，切實(shí)加強(qiáng)耕地保護(hù)，全力提升耕地質(zhì)量，充分挖掘鹽堿地綜合利用潛力，穩(wěn)步拓展農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)空間，提高農(nóng)業(yè)綜合生產(chǎn)能力。

中共中央政治局常委、國(guó)務(wù)院總理、中央財(cái)經(jīng)委員會(huì)副主任李強(qiáng)，中共中央政治局常委、中央書記處書記、中央財(cái)經(jīng)委員會(huì)委員蔡奇，中共中央政治局常委、國(guó)務(wù)院副總理、中央財(cái)經(jīng)委員會(huì)委員丁薛祥出席會(huì)議。

會(huì)議聽取了自然資源部、農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部、中央財(cái)辦（中央農(nóng)辦）、國(guó)家發(fā)展改革委關(guān)于加強(qiáng)耕地保護(hù)和鹽堿地綜合改造利用的匯報(bào)。

會(huì)議指出，我們黨始終高度重視耕地保護(hù)問(wèn)題，黨的十八大以來(lái)，黨中央先后實(shí)施一系列硬措施，守住了耕地紅線，初步遏制了耕地總量持續(xù)下滑趨勢(shì)。同時(shí)要清醒認(rèn)識(shí)到，我國(guó)人多地少的國(guó)情沒(méi)有變，耕地“非糧化”、“非農(nóng)化”問(wèn)題依然突出，守住耕地紅線的基礎(chǔ)尚不穩(wěn)固，農(nóng)田水利方面欠賬還很多。新時(shí)代新征程上，耕地保護(hù)任務(wù)沒(méi)有減輕，而是更加艱巨。必須堅(jiān)持問(wèn)題導(dǎo)向、目標(biāo)導(dǎo)向，尊重規(guī)律、因勢(shì)利導(dǎo)、因地制宜、久久為功，進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)耕地保護(hù)。

會(huì)議強(qiáng)調(diào)，耕地保護(hù)是一個(gè)系統(tǒng)工程，要突出把握好量質(zhì)并重、嚴(yán)格執(zhí)法、系統(tǒng)推進(jìn)、永續(xù)利用等重大要求，進(jìn)一步采取過(guò)硬實(shí)招。要壓實(shí)耕地保護(hù)責(zé)任，落實(shí)新一輪國(guó)土空間規(guī)劃明確的耕地和永久基本農(nóng)田保護(hù)任務(wù)，確保18億畝耕地紅線決不突破。要全力提升耕地質(zhì)量，真正把耕地特別是永久基本農(nóng)田建成適宜耕作、旱澇保收、高產(chǎn)穩(wěn)產(chǎn)的現(xiàn)代化良田。要改革完善耕地占補(bǔ)平衡制度，將各類對(duì)耕地的占用統(tǒng)一納入占補(bǔ)平衡管理，堅(jiān)持“以補(bǔ)定占”，健全補(bǔ)充耕地質(zhì)量驗(yàn)收制度。要調(diào)動(dòng)農(nóng)民和地方政府保護(hù)耕地、種糧抓糧積極性，建立種糧農(nóng)民收益保障機(jī)制，發(fā)展多種形式的適度規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng)，建立糧食主產(chǎn)區(qū)利益補(bǔ)償機(jī)制，形成糧食主產(chǎn)區(qū)、主銷區(qū)、產(chǎn)銷平衡區(qū)耕地保護(hù)合力。加強(qiáng)撂荒地治理，摸清底數(shù)，分類推進(jìn)，因地制宜把撂荒地種好用好。要積極開發(fā)各類非傳統(tǒng)耕地資源，加強(qiáng)科技研發(fā)和生產(chǎn)投資，探索有效發(fā)展模式，突破我國(guó)傳統(tǒng)耕地稀缺的自然條件限制。對(duì)違規(guī)占用耕地進(jìn)行整改復(fù)耕要實(shí)事求是，尊重規(guī)律，保護(hù)農(nóng)民利益，加強(qiáng)宣傳解讀，適當(dāng)留出過(guò)渡期，循序漸進(jìn)推動(dòng)。

會(huì)議指出，鹽堿地綜合改造利用是耕地保護(hù)和改良的重要方面，我國(guó)鹽堿地多，部分地區(qū)耕地鹽堿化趨勢(shì)加劇，開展鹽堿地綜合改造利用意義重大。要充分挖掘鹽堿地綜合利用潛力，加強(qiáng)現(xiàn)有鹽堿耕地改造提升，有效遏制耕地鹽堿化趨勢(shì)，做好鹽堿地特色農(nóng)業(yè)大文章。要全面摸清鹽堿地資源狀況，研究編制鹽堿地綜合利用總體規(guī)劃和專項(xiàng)實(shí)施方案，分區(qū)分類開展鹽堿耕地治理改良，因地制宜利用鹽堿地，向各類鹽堿地資源要食物，“以種適地”同“以地適種”相結(jié)合，加快選育耐鹽堿特色品種，大力推廣鹽堿地治理改良的有效做法，強(qiáng)化水源、資金等要素保障。

會(huì)議審議通過(guò)了《關(guān)于推動(dòng)鹽堿地綜合利用的指導(dǎo)意見》。

會(huì)議還研究了其他事項(xiàng)。

中央財(cái)經(jīng)委員會(huì)委員出席會(huì)議，中央和國(guó)家機(jī)關(guān)有關(guān)部門負(fù)責(zé)同志列席會(huì)議。

Xi stresses strengthening farmland protection, quality improvement to expand room for agricultural production

Xi Jinping, general secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee, Chinese president, chairman of the Central Military Commission, and director of the Central Commission for Financial and Economic Affairs (CCFEA), on Thursday presided over the second meeting of the CCFEA, where a series of issues were discussed such as farmland protection and the comprehensive utilization of saline-alkali land. Xi delivered an important speech, stressing that food security is among a country's most fundamental interests, and farmland is the lifeblood of grain production. China should implement the strategy of sustainable farmland use and innovative application of agricultural technology to increase farmland productivity, and take concrete steps to strengthen farmland protection. It is imperative to improve the quality of farmland and fully tap the potential of the comprehensive utilization of saline-alkali land, so as to steadily expand the room for agricultural production and boost overall agricultural production capacity.

Li Qiang, a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, Chinese premier and deputy director of the CCFEA; Cai Qi, a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, a member of the CPC Central Committee Secretariat and a member of the CCFEA; and Ding Xuexiang, a member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, Chinese vice premier and a member of the CCFEA, attended the meeting.

At the meeting, attendees heard reports on strengthening the protection of farmland and the comprehensive utilization of saline-alkali land from the Ministry of Natural Resources, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the Central Financial Work Leading Group Office (the Central Agricultural Work Leading Group Office) and the National Development and Reform Commission.

It was pointed out at the meeting that the CPC has always attached great importance to the protection of cultivated land. Since the 18th CPC National Congress, the CPC Central Committee has implemented a series of tough measures to maintain the red line of farmland, preliminarily keeping the total amount of China's farmland from dwindling. Meanwhile, it is essential to be aware that China still has a large population with limited arable land, and the use of farmland for non-farming purposes remains a prominent issue. The foundation for maintaining the red line of farmland is not yet stable, and there are still many problems in terms of farmland water conservancy. On the new journey in the new era, the task of farmland protection has not been lightened, but become heavier. We must adhere to the problem-oriented and goal-oriented approach, respect the law, navigate the situation judiciously according to circumstances, adapt to local conditions, and make persistent efforts, so as to further strengthen the protection of farmland.

It was stressed at the meeting that farmland protection is a systematic project, which makes it necessary to highlight the major requirements such as attaching equal importance to quantity and quality, strict law enforcement, systematic promotion and sustainable utilization. Solid measures need to be adopted in this regard. It is imperative to make sure that the responsibility is fulfilled for protecting farmland, implement a new round of tasks for protecting farmland and permanent basic cropland, as specified in the national land space planning, and make sure not to breach the red line of 1.8 billion mu (about 120 million hectares) of farmland. It is necessary to make every effort to improve the quality of farmland and truly turn farmland, especially permanent basic cropland, into modern, fertile land that is suitable for farming and capable of producing high and stable yields despite droughts or floods. It is imperative to reform and improve the system for offsetting cultivated land used for other purposes. All farmland used for other purposes must be placed under the system's management in a unified way. The principle must be upheld that the farmland occupied for other purposes must be offset equally with the newly opened-up farmland. The mechanism should be perfected for checking whether the quality of the newly-developed farmland to offset the occupied farmland for other purposes is up to the required standard. It is imperative to motivate farmers and local governments to protect cropland, and grow and manage well crops for high yields, establish the mechanism for ensuring the incomes of grain growers, develop appropriately different forms of scaled agricultural operations, and establish the mechanism for compensating major grain-producing areas, so as to form a synergy among major grain-producing areas, major grain sales areas and areas where agricultural production and sales are balanced to protect cropland. It is important to strengthen the efforts to manage idle land, and take stock of such land resources before farming or putting such land to other use as the case may be. We should proactively develop all kinds of non-traditional farmland resources, strengthen sci-tech research, production and investment in this regard, and explore effective development modes so as to overcome the constraints of the lack of traditional farmland in our country. As far as turning the farmland illegally occupied for other purposes back to farmland is concerned, what can be done must be realistic, and specific circumstances must be taken into consideration to protect the interests of the farmers concerned. Publicity and interpretation of related policies must be strengthened. An appropriate transitional period should be set aside to push forward the process step by step.

It was pointed out at the meeting that the comprehensive utilization of saline-alkali soil constitutes an important part of the protection and improvement of farmland. China boasts a large area of saline-alkali land, and the farmland in some regions has been deteriorating into saline-alkali conditions. Therefore, it is of great significance to ameliorate and utilize the saline-alkali land in a holistic manner. We should fully tap the potential of comprehensive use of saline-alkali land, strengthen the transformation of the existent saline-alkali land and effectively curb the worsening saline-alkali conditions of some farmland, so as to develop an agricultural undertaking with saline-alkali land utilization as a distinctive feature. It is imperative to take stock of saline-alkali land resources, and work out a general plan and specific implementation measures accordingly on the comprehensive utilization of saline-alkali land. Saline-alkali farmland of different types must be managed and ameliorated in differentiated approaches, and different local conditions must be taken into consideration for the utilization of such land so that all types of saline-alkali land can be an important resource for the production of grain. We should accelerate the selection and cultivation of saline-alkali tolerant varieties of crops, and either grow tolerant crops in such land or transform such land for specific crops. Approaches that have been proved effective should be widely applied, and such necessary factors as water and fund must be secured.

The document Guiding Opinions on Promoting Comprehensive Utilization of Saline-alkali Land was examined and approved at the meeting.

Some other issues were also discussed at the meeting.

Members of the CCFEA were present. Leading officials of relevant central Party and government departments sat in on the meeting.