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一份研究報(bào)告顯示，美國(guó)每年有5000多人死于開車發(fā)短信和打電話，而20歲以下的駕車者尤其容易在開車時(shí)分神。2009年一份針對(duì)大型車輛及卡車駕車者的研究報(bào)告指出，開車發(fā)短信引發(fā)撞車的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)是專心駕駛狀態(tài)下的23倍。研究人員表示，駕車者開車發(fā)短信時(shí)，平均每條短信有4.6秒的時(shí)間是不看路的，按照每小時(shí)車速55英里來計(jì)算，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)足球場(chǎng)那么長(zhǎng)的距離都是駕車者看著手機(jī)在行駛的。而開車打手機(jī)同樣也有風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)轳{車者在通話的時(shí)候腦子里會(huì)想象通話對(duì)方的樣子，分神自然在所難免。除此之外，現(xiàn)在車內(nèi)安裝的網(wǎng)絡(luò)瀏覽器和GPS定位儀等高科技設(shè)備看似是為車輛行駛安全才增裝的，但其實(shí)也有讓駕車者分神的嫌疑。
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Texting and talking on cell phones behind the wheel kills more than 5,000 people every year on US highways. |
Texting and talking on cell phones behind the wheel kills more than 5,000 people every year on US highways. Teen drivers seem to be especially susceptible to distraction, a study says.
A 2009 study focusing on drivers of larger vehicles and trucks has concluded that texting raised the risk of a crash by 23 times compared with non-distracted driving, says an environmental report.
Environmental researcher Uvid Hosansky, who authored the report for the journal CQ Researcher, wrote, "Texting drivers took their eyes off the road for each text an average of 4.6 seconds, which at 55 mph means they were driving the length of a football field without looking."
Talking on a cell phone is also dangerous. "Experts say that talking on a cell phone while driving is far more distracting than talking with an adult passenger because it consumes additional cognitive resources, including creating a mental picture of the person on the other end of the conversation," added Hosansky, who was twice nominated for Pulitzer Prize.
The National Highway Traffic Safety -Administration, US, estimated that 16 percent of all drivers younger than 20 years old involved in fatal crashes were believed to be distracted, "the highest proportion of any age group," by texting and mobile phone use, reports the journal CQ Researcher.
"Although some people may think they can safely talk and drive, researchers who observe people in driving simulators as well as in actual cars on the road find that a cell phone conversation will invariably intrude on a driver's attentiveness," said Hosansky.
"The distractions don't stop with cell phones. Car makers are adding new technologies to the dashboard, such as Web browsers and GPS units. Car makers say that such technologies are designed very carefully for safety, but safety advocates worry that they are creating even more hazardous driving conditions," Hosansky concluded.
相關(guān)閱讀
美青少年發(fā)性短信成風(fēng) 引政府擔(dān)憂
(Agencies)
（中國(guó)日?qǐng)?bào)網(wǎng)英語(yǔ)點(diǎn)津 Helen 編輯）
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