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11月新聞熱詞匯總

中國日報網(wǎng) 2017-12-01 10:38

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11月新聞熱詞匯總新鮮出爐,本月大事也不少。美國總統(tǒng)特朗普訪華,中方以"國事訪問+"規(guī)格接待;“雙11”再掀熱潮,銷量創(chuàng)新高,促銷方式引發(fā)網(wǎng)友熱議;習近平主席出席于11月10日至11日在越南峴港舉行的APEC第二十五次領導人非正式會議;國務院總理李克強在菲律賓出席第20次東盟與中日韓(10+3)領導人會議;上海攜程親子園,北京朝陽區(qū)一家紅黃藍幼兒園,先后爆出虐童案;維密中國首秀引爆話題。

11月新聞熱詞匯總

國事訪問+ state visit plus

US President Donald Trump's first state visit to China will start on Wednesday. Chinese Ambassador to the US Cui Tiankai said that Beijing is ready to provide a "state visit plus" experience for Trump.
美國總統(tǒng)特朗普將于8日開啟他對中國的首次國事訪問。中國駐美國大使崔天凱稱,中方將以"國事訪問+"規(guī)格接待特朗普。

應國家主席習近平邀請(at the invitation of President Xi Jinping),美國總統(tǒng)唐納德·特朗普(Donald Trump)將于11月8日至10日對中國進行國事訪問(state visit)。屆時,兩國領導人將就中美關系和共同關心的重大國際與地區(qū)問題深入交換意見(have an in-depth exchange of views on bilateral relations and major international and regional issues of mutual concern)。中方愿與美方共同努力(China stands ready to work with the US side),推動特朗普總統(tǒng)訪華和中美元首會晤取得重要成果(secure important outcomes),為中美關系發(fā)展注入新的強勁動力(inject fresh and strong impetus into bilateral relations)。

中國駐美國大使崔天凱10月30日在回答中外記者提問時表示,特朗普總統(tǒng)是中共十九大(the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China)之后首位訪華的外國元首。他透露,特朗普總統(tǒng)夫婦今年4月初在美國佛羅里達州海湖莊園熱情接待了習近平主席夫婦,中方同樣也要做出熱情周到的安排(reciprocates the hospitality)。中方會按照"國事訪問+(state visit plus)"的規(guī)格來接待此訪。"這意味著除了國事訪問的規(guī)定動作(usual protocols),包括檢閱儀仗隊(military honor guard)、正式會談(official talks)、舉辦國宴(state banquet)等之外,還會有一些特殊安排(special arrangements)。"

創(chuàng)意城市網(wǎng)絡 Creative Cities Network

Four Chinese cities have been selected to join the UNESCO Creative Cities Network (UCCN) on November 1, 2017.
2017年11月1日,中國有四個城市入選聯(lián)合國教科文組織創(chuàng)意城市網(wǎng)絡。

The four Chinese cities, Changsha (media arts), the Macao Special Administrative Region (gastronomy), Qingdao (film) and Wuhan (design) are among 64 cities from 44 countries and regions which have joined the network.
這四個城市中,長沙入選媒體藝術之都,澳門特別行政區(qū)入選美食之都,青島入選電影之都,武漢入選設計之都。今年共有來自44個國家和地區(qū)的64個城市成功加入教科文創(chuàng)意城市網(wǎng)絡。

聯(lián)合國教科文組織創(chuàng)意城市網(wǎng)絡(UNESCO Creative Cities Network,UCCN)創(chuàng)立于2004年,匯聚世界各地以創(chuàng)意作為策略因素推動可持續(xù)發(fā)展的城市,促進各城市彼此交流合作(promote cooperation with and among cities that have identified creativity as a strategic factor for sustainable urban development)。創(chuàng)意城市網(wǎng)絡涵蓋手工藝與民間藝術(crafts & folk art)、設計(design)、電影(film)、美食(gastronomy)、文學(literature)、音樂(music)和媒體藝術(media arts)7個范疇。

青島是首個加入創(chuàng)意城市網(wǎng)絡“電影之都”(City of Film)的中國城市。此前,中國已有8個城市加入該網(wǎng)絡,分別為設計之都(City of Design)深圳、上海、北京,手工藝與民間藝術之都(City of Crafts & Folk Art)杭州、蘇州、景德鎮(zhèn),美食之都(City of Gastronomy)成都、順德。

失信黑名單 blacklist of serious dishonesty

The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) is now working with other departments to exercise special governance on serious dishonesty in e-commerce ahead of Nov 11, when the e-commerce frenzy kicks off.
"雙11"電商購物狂歡節(jié)啟動前,國家發(fā)改委正會同其他多個部門開展電子商務領域嚴重失信問題專項治理工作。

So far, some 6,440 enterprises have been named on a blacklist shared on the national credit information sharing platform, 500 of which have been announced on creditchina.gov.cn as the first batch.
目前,已有6440家企業(yè)被列入了在全國信用信息共享平臺上的黑名單,其中首批500家企業(yè)名單已在"信用中國"網(wǎng)站上公布。

發(fā)改委還組織第三方機構對"雙11"活動期間各主要電商平臺的相關承諾兌現(xiàn)情況進行數(shù)據(jù)跟蹤與測評分析,委托信用服務機構在產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量(product quality)、產(chǎn)品銷售與服務(product sales and service)、產(chǎn)品價格(product price)、物流服務(logistics)等環(huán)節(jié)開展信用監(jiān)測,以完善電子商務領域信用記錄(to improve credit records of e-commerce)。

雙11促銷 Double 11 promotions

Overly complicated Double 11 promotions have recently aroused complaints among Chinese customers as the annual online shopping spree on Nov 11 approaches.
隨著一年一度的網(wǎng)購狂歡節(jié)"雙十一"的臨近,近日,過度復雜的雙十一促銷引發(fā)了國內(nèi)顧客的吐槽。

"雙十一(Double 11)"又要來了!這個在中國原本屬于單身一族的"光棍節(jié)(Single's Day)",早已變成了全球范圍內(nèi)最盛大的"網(wǎng)購狂歡節(jié)(online shopping spree)"。隨著2017年雙十一的臨近,各電商平臺的促銷(promotion)正如火如荼地展開。但很多顧客抱怨,如今直接打折(direct percent-off discounts)很少見,他們不得不花好幾個小時研究各種不同的促銷方法(promotion methods)——預售(prelaunch)、減免(money-off)、價保(price protection)等等。

有網(wǎng)友吐槽道,想要參與雙十一你得是個數(shù)學天才(math genius)才行。譬如,消費者在購買預售商品(prelaunch goods)時不能合單以獲得最大折扣(combine their orders to get the maximum discount)。優(yōu)惠券(coupon)被商家設置了一系列的限制,一些只適用于(be exclusive for)預售商品,另一些則只適用于特定的產(chǎn)品、型號,甚至顏色。作為鼓勵消費(encourage consumption)的一種方式,商家發(fā)的現(xiàn)金禮物(monetary gift)——紅包(red packets)也被分成了各式各樣的類別,讓消費者困惑不已。

監(jiān)察委員會 supervisory commissions

Supervisory commissions will be set up across the country by people's congresses at provincial, city and county-levels within their jurisdictions to supervise those exercising public power.
省、市、縣人民代表大會完成組建三級監(jiān)察委員會,實現(xiàn)對所有行使公權力的公職人員監(jiān)察全覆蓋。

監(jiān)察委員會(supervisory commissions)按照管理權限,對本地區(qū)所有行使公權力的公職人員依法實施監(jiān)察;履行監(jiān)督(supervision)、調(diào)查(investigation)、處置(punishment)職責,監(jiān)督檢查公職人員依法履職、秉公用權、廉潔從政以及道德操守情況(execution of duty and ethics),調(diào)查涉嫌貪污賄賂(graft)、濫用職權(misuse of authority)、玩忽職守(neglect of duty)、權力尋租(rent-seeking behavior)、利益輸送(tunneling)、徇私舞弊(playing favoritism and committing irregularities)以及浪費國家資財(wasting public funds)等職務違法和職務犯罪行為并作出處置決定;對涉嫌職務犯罪的,移送檢察機關依法提起公訴(transfer suspected criminal cases to the procuratorates)。

為履行上述職權,監(jiān)察委員會可以采取談話(interview)、訊問(interrogation)、詢問(questioning)、查詢(inquiry)、凍結(freezing)、調(diào)?。╟ollecting and obtaining)、查封(sealing)、扣押(seizure)、搜查(search)、勘驗檢查(inspection and examination)、鑒定(identification)、留置(detention)等措施。

亞太經(jīng)合組織第25次領導人非正式會議 the 25th APEC Economic Leaders' Meeting

President Xi Jinping will attend the 25th APEC Economic Leaders' Meeting held in Da Nang, Vietnam from November 10 to 11. This will be the first international multilateral meeting attended by a Chinese leader after the successful concluding of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC), which is of great significance and receives high attention from the international community.
習近平主席將出席于11月10日至11日在越南峴港舉行的APEC第二十五次領導人非正式會議。這是中共十九大勝利閉幕后,中國領導人首次出席國際多邊會議,具有重要意義,受到國際社會高度關注。

這次會議的主題是“打造全新動力,開創(chuàng)共享未來”(Creating New Dynamism, Fostering a Shared Future)。各經(jīng)濟體領導人及代表將圍繞區(qū)域經(jīng)濟一體化(regional economic integration)、包容發(fā)展(inclusive development)、創(chuàng)新增長(innovative growth)、互聯(lián)互通(connectivity)、農(nóng)業(yè)和糧食安全(agricultural and food safety)等議題深入交換看法,會議共識將反映在會后發(fā)表的領導人宣言中。

作為APEC大家庭的重要成員,中方堅定支持越南成功主辦本次領導人會議,期待會議在以下方面取得積極成果:

一是共同維護亞太開放發(fā)展的大方向,對外發(fā)出積極正面的信號,為開放型世界經(jīng)濟注入正能量。
Firstly, jointly maintain the general direction of the open development in the Asia-Pacific region, send out a positive signal to the outside world and inject positive energy into the open world economy;

二是共同挖掘亞太發(fā)展新動力,推進落實亞太互聯(lián)互通藍圖,促進成員實體經(jīng)濟發(fā)展。
Secondly, jointly explore the new momentum of development in the Asia-Pacific region and promote the implementation of the blueprint for Asia-Pacific connectivity so as to promote the development of real economy among the members;

三是共同勾畫未來合作新愿景。
Thirdly, draw the outline of new prospects of future cooperation together.

中方將繼續(xù)同各方一道,推動亞太經(jīng)濟合作穩(wěn)定向前發(fā)展,促進亞太和世界的發(fā)展繁榮。
China will continue to work with all parties to promote the stable development of Asia-Pacific economic cooperation as well as advance the development and prosperity of the Asia-Pacific region and the world at large.

虐童 child abuse

攜程親子園虐童

China's largest online travel service platform Ctrip said on Wednesday it has reported a child abuse case at its affiliated day-care center in Shanghai and has fired those responsible.
我國最大的在線旅游服務平臺攜程8日稱,對發(fā)生在該公司上海親子園的虐童事件已作報案處理,涉事人員已被解雇。

"There was gross negligence by some teachers at the day-care center, which ctrip.com entrusted to a third party to manage. The company has reported the case to the police and will stand with the parents in holding those responsible accountable," Ctrip said in a statement.
攜程在一份聲明中稱:其委托第三方管理的親子園發(fā)生個別教師嚴重失職的情況,公司已作報警處理,將和父母們站在一起,對責任人員追責到底。

11月8日,攜程親子園(day-care center)教師虐待兒童的視頻(videos of child abuse)被上傳至社交媒體,引發(fā)家長和網(wǎng)友的極大憤慨(creating an outcry from parents and netizens)。視頻中,教師給孩子穿衣脫衣時動作粗暴,一些孩子甚至摔倒并撞到桌角(Some children even fell down and bumped their head on the corner of a table)。一些孩子被強迫吞食不明物,一直哭,后來發(fā)現(xiàn)孩子們被喂食的是芥末。

事發(fā)班級為彩虹班,均為1歲半到2歲的小朋友(children aged from 18 months to 24 months)。攜程計算機(上海)有限公司開辦了僅招收攜程員工子女的親子園,并委托上海《現(xiàn)代家庭》雜志社讀者服務部(為了孩子學苑)日常管理運營。事發(fā)后,攜程人力資源管理部門正在代管親子園。

“We’ll provide physical check-ups and psychological services as needed to children and their families to minimize the negative impact,” read the statement.
攜程在聲明中表示,“我們將為涉事兒童及其家人提供身體檢查和必要的心理輔導服務,已將此次事件的負面影響最小化。”

上海市婦女聯(lián)合會方面9日凌晨表示,對“攜程親子園事件”強烈譴責,并密切關注后續(xù)進展(pay close attention to the follow-up)。上?!冬F(xiàn)代家庭》雜志社讀者服務部(為了孩子學苑)已發(fā)表公開致歉信(issue public apology),表示將深刻反?。╠o self-examination)、彌補漏洞(make up for loopholes),堅決杜絕此類事件再度發(fā)生,并誠摯接受社會監(jiān)督(accept public supervision)。

北京紅黃藍幼兒園虐童

Police and education authorities in Beijing are probing a child abuse case at the Xintiandi branch of RYB Education Kindergarten, a well-known chain of preschools. This is the latest in a number of similar cases reported recently nationwide.
北京警方和教育部門正就發(fā)生在著名學前教育連鎖機構紅黃藍幼兒園新天地分園的一起虐童案件展開調(diào)查。這是近期全國范圍內(nèi)見諸報端的一系列虐童事件中的最新一起。

22日晚,多名北京紅黃藍幼兒園新天地分園孩子家長已到朝陽區(qū)管莊派出所報案,稱該園園長和老師涉嫌虐童(child abuse)。家長反映,該幼兒園國際小二班的幼兒遭遇老師扎針(be pricked with needles)、喂不明白色藥片(be fed unidentified white pills),并提供了孩子身上多個針眼(needle mark)的照片。一些家長稱自己孩子遭到性侵(be sexually assaulted)。警方正展開調(diào)查和取證(police are investigating and collecting evidence),調(diào)查過程有皮膚科醫(yī)生(dermatology doctors)和法醫(yī)專家(forensic experts)參加,但目前還沒有任何結論(so far no conclusion could be made)。朝陽區(qū)教委稱,三名涉事老師已經(jīng)被停職(three teachers involved have been suspended)。

教育部23日晚表示,已責成地方有關部門立即啟動調(diào)查,盡快查清事實真相(find out the truth)。教育部已部署開展幼兒園辦園行為專項督查(special inspection),要求各地教育部門對此類事件一定要引以為戒(learn lessons from such incidents),采取有效措施,切實加強師德師風建設(improve teachers' morality),切實規(guī)范辦園行為,切實加大監(jiān)管督查力度。

事件中的紅黃藍幼兒園9月剛剛在美國紐交所掛牌上市(ring the opening bell on the New York Stock Exchange)。據(jù)悉,紅黃藍是中國首家獨立上市的學前教育企業(yè)(the first public company in the early childhood education field)。根據(jù)Frost&Sullivan的報告,以2016年的年總收入衡量,紅黃藍是中國最大的早期教育服務提供商(China's largest early years education service provider)。

元首外交 head-of-state diplomacy

President Xi Jinping and visiting US President Donald Trump agreed on maintaining the strategic leading role of head-of-state diplomacy in developing bilateral relations.
國家主席習近平與來訪的美國總統(tǒng)特朗普同意繼續(xù)發(fā)揮元首外交對兩國關系的戰(zhàn)略引領作用。

雙方認為,今年以來中美關系取得重要進展。中美關系事關兩國人民福祉,也關乎世界的和平、穩(wěn)定、繁榮(China-US relations concern not only the well-being of both peoples, but also world peace, prosperity and stability)。合作是中美兩國唯一正確選擇(cooperation is the only viable choice for China and the United States),共贏才能通向更好未來。

雙方同意,加強兩國高層及各級別交往(increase exchanges at various levels),充分發(fā)揮4個高級別對話機制作用(give a full play to the four high-level dialogue mechanisms),拓展經(jīng)貿(mào)、兩軍、執(zhí)法、人文等領域交流合作,加強在重大國際和地區(qū)問題上的溝通和協(xié)調(diào)(enhance communication and coordination on major international and regional issues),推動中美關系得到更大發(fā)展。

綠色包裝 green packaging

The State Post Bureau(SPB) recently announced specific goals to green the courier sector.
國家郵政局最近發(fā)布了推進快遞行業(yè)綠色環(huán)?;木唧w目標。

By 2020, half of external packages should be degradable, 90 percent of waybills electronic, and packing material consumed for each parcel cut by 10 percent, the SPB said in a document.
文件指出,到2020年,可降解的綠色包裝材料應用比例將提高到50%,快遞電子運單使用率達到90%,平均每件快遞包裝耗材減少10%以上。

膠帶(tape)、緩沖氣泡袋(cushions)以及塑料袋(plastic bags)等包裝材料的主要成分是聚氯乙烯(polyvinyl chloride),這些材料使用過后一般都被送往垃圾掩埋場(landfills),需要數(shù)百年才能降解,如果對這些材料進行燃燒處理,則會產(chǎn)生污染物(pollutants)。

有分析指出,去年我國共產(chǎn)生600萬噸包裝垃圾(packaging waste),其中只有不到10%的包裝材料是可回收再利用的,而處理這些垃圾的花費將超過90億元。

此外,紙質(zhì)包裝和塑料包裝也會消耗大量的木材和原油(crude oil)。生產(chǎn)1噸紙盒需要17棵十年的樹(a ton of paper boxes takes 17 ten-year-old trees),而生產(chǎn)1噸塑料袋則需要消耗3噸原油。

近年來快遞行業(yè)發(fā)展迅猛,一次性包裝(disposable package)的鏈條和體系比較成熟。未來需加強宣傳,力促公眾合理拆封包裝材料,積極參與分類回收(sorting and recycling)或綠色包裝(green packaging)等行動,同時轉(zhuǎn)變消費觀念,減少對一次性快遞包裝的依賴。

針對存在的問題,意見中明確,要完善快遞業(yè)綠色包裝法規(guī)標準,增加快遞綠色包裝產(chǎn)品供給使用,實施快遞包裝產(chǎn)品綠色認證(green certification of packaging products),開展快遞業(yè)綠色包裝試點示范(green packaging trials),做大做強快遞綠色包裝產(chǎn)業(yè)聯(lián)盟,建設快遞包裝回收示范城市,同時強化快遞業(yè)綠色包裝宣傳引導與教育培訓。

廣場舞 square dancing

Adding to the administration's first guideline issued in 2015, the new measure urges regional government agencies to better plan and supervise the use of public exercise venues - parks and open spaces in urban areas - for square dancing and other forms of exercise, along with other leisure activities.
在2015年發(fā)布的首個規(guī)范基礎上,此次體育總局發(fā)布的新規(guī)要求,地方政府機構對城市公園和空地等廣場舞及其他健身、休閑活動場地使用更好地規(guī)劃和監(jiān)管。

廣場舞(square dancing)是我國廣大中老年女性喜愛的一項健身休閑活動(fitness and leisure activity),有數(shù)據(jù)顯示,目前全國大約有1.2億人定期參與廣場舞活動。

《通知》指出,目前我國廣場舞健身活動依然存在場地不足(lack of venues)、噪音擾民(loud and disturbing noises)、管理服務不到位(inadequate management)等突出問題,個別地方甚至發(fā)生了健身群眾搶占活動場地的沖突,成為社會輿論關注的焦點。

《通知》明確,通過擴大增量(planning new venues)和盤活存量(making full use of existing venues),科學規(guī)劃、統(tǒng)籌建設廣場舞健身活動場地,多措并舉增加廣場舞健身活動場地供給。

《通知》強調(diào),積極引導場地管理單位制定廣場舞健身活動管理規(guī)范,不得在烈士陵園等莊嚴場所開展廣場舞健身活動(square dancing is not allowed at venues intended for solemn activities),不得通過廣場舞健身活動非法斂財、傳播封建迷信思想(raking in money by illegal means and spreading feudal superstition),不得因廣場舞健身活動產(chǎn)生噪音影響周邊學生上課和居民正常生活(disturbing daily life of students and residents living nearby),不得因參加廣場舞健身活動破壞自然生態(tài)、環(huán)境衛(wèi)生和公共場地設施(damage natural environment, environmental sanitation and public facilities),擾亂社會治安、公共交通等公共秩序(disturbing social order and public transportation)。

東亞經(jīng)濟共同體 East Asian Economic Community

Premier Li Keqiang advanced building an East Asian Economic Community in order to promote regional integration and common development at the 20th Association of Southeast Asian Nations, China, Japan and Republic of Korea (10+3) leaders' meeting in the Philippines on Tuesday.
國務院總理李克強14日在菲律賓出席第20次東盟與中日韓(10+3)領導人會議時提出構建東亞經(jīng)濟共同體,促進地區(qū)融合發(fā)展和共同發(fā)展。

今年是10+3合作(10+3 cooperation)啟動20周年。20年來10+3合作機制不斷完善、合作領域(cooperation field)逐步拓展,成為亞洲地區(qū)最重要的合作機制之一,以及建設東亞共同體、推進東亞合作的主渠道(the main channel for building an East Asian community and promoting cooperation in East Asia)。

李克強指出,構建東亞經(jīng)濟共同體(East Asian Economic Community)是10+3合作的戰(zhàn)略目標(strategic goal)之一,符合地區(qū)國家人民的長遠和根本利益(meet the long-term and fundamental interests of the region's people)。他就此提出六點建議:大力推進貿(mào)易自由化便利化(highly promote liberalization and facilitation of trade)、擴大產(chǎn)能和投資合作(expand production capacity and investment cooperation)、加強基礎設施合作(enhance cooperation in infrastructure construction)、深化金融合作,維護地區(qū)金融穩(wěn)定(deepen financial cooperation and maintain regional financial stability)、加強可持續(xù)發(fā)展合作(strengthen sustainable development cooperation),以及擴大人文交流合作(increase people-to-people and cultural exchanges and cooperation)。

李克強呼吁各方攜手并進,共同推進東亞經(jīng)濟共同體建設(jointly promote the construction of East Asian economic community),共同開創(chuàng)10+3合作更具活力的下一個20年(begin another brilliant 20 years of 10+3 cooperation)!

混合所有制改革 mixed-ownership reform

China has picked a group of 31 State-owned enterprises for the third round of SOE mixed ownership reform, aiming to bring more private capital into the State sector, officials at the country's top economic planner said on Wednesday.
15日,發(fā)改委官員表示,我國已選定31家國有企業(yè)進行第三批混合所有制改革,以將更多民間資本引入國企。

《中共中央關于全面深化改革若干重大問題的決定》指出要積極發(fā)展混合所有制經(jīng)濟(mixed-ownership economy/mixed economy)。國有資本(State-owned capital)、集體資本(collective capital)、非公有資本(non-public capital)等交叉持股、相互融合的混合所有制經(jīng)濟,是基本經(jīng)濟制度的重要實現(xiàn)形式(an important way to materialize the basic economic system),有利于國有資本放大功能、保值增值、提高競爭力(improving the amplification function of State-owned capital, ensuring the appreciation of its value and raising its competitiveness),有利于各種所有制資本取長補短、相互促進、共同發(fā)展。

國家發(fā)展和改革委員會新聞發(fā)言人孟瑋表示,前兩批19家中央企業(yè)混合所有制改革試點正在逐步落地,超過三分之一的試點企業(yè)已基本完成引入投資者(introducing new investors)、設立新公司(establishing new companies)、重構公司治理機制(boosting corporate governance)、建立內(nèi)部激勵機制(setting up new internal incentive mechanism)等工作,其他企業(yè)也正在按照試點方案加快落實。

國家賬本 State balance sheet

The State Council recently approved the compiling of balance sheets for both the central and local governments. The central government reportedly may finish its first State balance sheet by the end of this year.
《全國和地方資產(chǎn)負債表編制工作方案》近日獲得國務院批復。有媒體報道,中央政府編制的首部國家賬本或于今年年底完成。

根據(jù)方案,我國將先編制全國資產(chǎn)負債表(compile national assets and liabilities balance sheet),再總結經(jīng)驗并根據(jù)實際情況,例如對機構部門和資產(chǎn)負債分類進行適當簡化后,編制地方資產(chǎn)負債表(draw up local balance sheets)。

資產(chǎn)負債表(balance sheet)能直接反映出政府、居民、企業(yè)、金融機構在某一特定時點上的資產(chǎn)(assets)和負債(liabilities)的總量、分布和結構(distribution and structure),是揭示潛在金融風險(expose potential financial risks)的重要工具。

自2013年黨的十八屆三中全會提出"編制全國和地方資產(chǎn)負債表"后,相關工作在加速推進。2017年6月26日,中央全面深化改革領導小組第三十六次會議審議通過了《全國和地方資產(chǎn)負債表編制工作方案》。有專家指出,編制國家資產(chǎn)負債表標志著中國國民經(jīng)濟核算發(fā)展到了更高水平(China's national economic accounting has developed to a higher level)。

吉利錢 lucky money

Leonard Olijar, director of the US Bureau of Engraving and Printing, announced the release of the bureau's lucky money of the Year of the Dog 2018 to celebrate the upcoming Chinese Lunar Year of the Dog on Tuesday.
16日,美國財政部鑄印局局長奧利雅爾宣布發(fā)售該局2018年狗年"吉利錢",以慶祝即將到來的中國農(nóng)歷狗年。

奧利雅爾在發(fā)布會上表示,狗年"吉利錢(lucky money)"是該局"吉利錢系列產(chǎn)品(Lucky Money Collection products)"之一。自2000年首次發(fā)布該系列產(chǎn)品以來,該局迄今已發(fā)布了29套產(chǎn)品,售出200萬各種樣式的"吉利錢"。奧利雅爾稱,對于狗年"吉利錢"的發(fā)售他尤為興奮,因為他本人就出生在狗年,美國總統(tǒng)特朗普也屬狗(US President Donald Trump was also born in the Year of the Dog)。狗具有誠實和忠誠的特質(zhì)(carry traits of loyalty and honesty),狗年出生的人極為友善、忠誠、聰慧、勤奮且責任感很強(extremely friendly, faithful, smart, industrious and have a strong sense of responsibility)。

狗年"吉利錢"沿用了往年的鎏金紅色封套(red folder with embossed, gold foil)設計。內(nèi)頁右上方是一只腳踩金元寶(gold ingot)的狗,旁邊印有"如意"、"戌歲平安"字樣,左邊除了繁體中文的"福祿壽喜臨門金銀財寶齊來",還有關于生肖狗年的英文介紹等。內(nèi)頁下方則是一張編號以"8888"開頭的一美元紙幣(a $1 note with a serial number beginning with"8888")。據(jù)稱,狗年"吉利錢"售價5.95美元,總發(fā)行量為108888套,比往年多2萬套,以滿足亞裔美國人群體的需求(in order to satisfy the demand of the Asian-American community)。

社?;?social security fund

Ten percent of State-owned equity, including shares of State-owned enterprises and financial institutions, will be transferred to the National Council for Social Security Fund and smaller, local State-owned companies, the State Council, China's Cabinet, announced in a document on Saturday.
國務院18日發(fā)文表示,將把國有企業(yè)和金融機構國有股權的10%劃轉(zhuǎn)給社?;鸷托⌒偷胤絿衅髽I(yè)。

方案明確,按照試點先行、分級組織、穩(wěn)步推進的原則完成劃轉(zhuǎn)工作。第一步,2017年選擇部分中央企業(yè)和部分省份開展試點(pilot programs in selected SOEs and provinces)。中央企業(yè)包括國務院國資委監(jiān)管的中央管理企業(yè)3至5家、中央金融機構2家。第二步,在總結試點經(jīng)驗的基礎上,2018年及以后,分批劃轉(zhuǎn)其他符合條件的中央管理企業(yè)、中央行政事業(yè)單位所辦企業(yè)以及中央金融機構的國有股權(the program will be further expanded to other SOEs and financial institutions in 2018),盡快完成劃轉(zhuǎn)工作。

劃轉(zhuǎn)范圍方面,方案將中央和地方國有及國有控股大中型企業(yè)(large and medium-sized central and local SOEs)、金融機構(financial institutions)納入劃轉(zhuǎn)范圍。公益類企業(yè)(enterprises of public interest)、文化企業(yè)(cultural enterprises)、政策性和開發(fā)性金融機構(policy and development related financial institutions)以及國務院另有規(guī)定的除外。

劃轉(zhuǎn)比例上,以彌補企業(yè)職工基本養(yǎng)老保險制度轉(zhuǎn)軌時期因企業(yè)職工享受視同繳費年限政策形成的企業(yè)職工基本養(yǎng)老保險基金缺口(to make up for possible shortfalls in the nation's pension provisions)為基本目標,劃轉(zhuǎn)比例統(tǒng)一為企業(yè)國有股權的10%(10% of State-owned equity)。

承接主體方面,方案指出,劃轉(zhuǎn)的國有股權是基本養(yǎng)老保險基金的重要組成部分。劃轉(zhuǎn)的中央企業(yè)國有股權,由國務院委托社保基金會負責集中持有,單獨核算,接受考核和監(jiān)督。條件成熟時,經(jīng)批準,社保基金會可組建養(yǎng)老金管理公司,獨立運營劃轉(zhuǎn)的中央企業(yè)國有股權(the National Council for Social Security Fund can set up a pension fund management company to independently operate the transferred assets)。

庭前會議 pretrial conference

A pretrial conference in the high-profile litigation related to Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 was focused mainly on exchanges of evidence and clarifying appeals and opinions of the parties and ended on Tuesday, a lawyer involved in the litigation said.
據(jù)律師介紹,頗受關注的馬航MH370航班訴訟案庭前會議于21日結束,此次庭前會議主要關注證據(jù)交換并明確各方的訴訟請求和意見。

Flight MH370 disappeared from radar on its way from Kuala Lumpur to Beijing on March 8, 2014. The aircraft was carrying 239 people, including 154 Chinese passengers.
2014年3月8日,馬航MH370航班在從吉隆坡飛往北京的途中失聯(lián),機上載有239人,其中包括154名中國乘客。

庭前會議(pretrial conference)是在開庭以前,審判人員召集當事人(litigants)和訴訟代理人(lawyers),對回避、出庭證人名單(lists of challenge witnesses and witnesses in court)、非法證據(jù)排除(exclusion of illegal evidences)等與審判相關的問題了解情況、聽取意見的一種會議,是為正式開庭所做的準備。

據(jù)報道,本案的五個被告分別為:美國波音公司(aircraft maker Boeing)、英國羅爾斯飛機發(fā)動機制造商(engine manufacturer Rolls-Royce)、德國安聯(lián)保險(German insurance company Allianz)、馬來西亞航空(Malaysia Airlines Systems)和新馬航(Malaysia Airlines Berhad)。

本次庭前會議主要是明確身份和訴訟請求(clarifying identities and appeals),原被告進行舉證(plaintiffs and defendants exchange evidences),沒有進行置辯。

據(jù)一位代理律師介紹,除了發(fā)起訴訟的30多位乘客家屬外,中國其他60多名乘客家屬已經(jīng)與馬航達成賠償協(xié)議(reached compensation deals)。他代理的14名家屬中,最少的索賠金額是1400萬元,最多的7700萬元。他表示,這是根據(jù)家屬各自的痛苦程度(mental anguish),以及失聯(lián)旅客的年齡、收入、家里的負擔大小,以及所在城市的收入水平(income level of their living cities)等方面確定的。

新興職業(yè) new occupations

New occupations, such as blogger, jogging buddy and drone trainer, are making employment more flexible in China.
博主、陪跑員,以及無人機訓練員等新興職業(yè)使國內(nèi)就業(yè)變得更加靈活。

隨著全球互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的大發(fā)展,各種新興職業(yè)蓬勃興起:私人旅行線路定制師(personal travel designer)、度假房產(chǎn)咨詢師(vacation home consultant)、電競游戲指導(e-game coach)、運動治療師(exercise therapist)、時尚買手(fashion buyer)、共享單車運維員(shared bike maintenance personnel)、網(wǎng)絡營銷專員(internet marketing specialist),等等。

某網(wǎng)絡平臺去年發(fā)布的一份調(diào)查報告顯示,在“95后”最向往的新興職業(yè)排行榜中,排名第一的是直播平臺主播(host of livestreaming sites),接下來還有網(wǎng)紅(internet celebrity)、聲優(yōu)(character voice,CV)、化妝師(make-up artist)、專業(yè)角色扮演者(Cosplayer)等。

“95后”選擇創(chuàng)業(yè)的人群中,46%的人會選擇海淘(cross-border online shopping)、自媒體(We-media)等新興互聯(lián)網(wǎng)創(chuàng)業(yè)項目(internet-related entrepreneurship program),尤以北京、深圳、廣州三地的畢業(yè)生為最。

產(chǎn)權保護 property rights protection

Businesses will enjoy better protection of their operational and property rights, and private businesses will enjoy equal protection for their property rights as companies in the public sector, according to the statement following the State Council executive meeting. Protection of residents' property rights will also be enhanced.
本次國務院常務會議后發(fā)布的公告指出,依法平等保護公有制和非公有制經(jīng)濟產(chǎn)權,加強企業(yè)自主經(jīng)營權和合法財產(chǎn)所有權保護。對居民產(chǎn)權的保護也將加強。

黨的十九大報告指出,經(jīng)濟體制改革必須以完善產(chǎn)權制度和要素市場化配置為重點(economic reforms must focus on improving the property rights system and ensuring the market-oriented allocation of factors of production)。

會議指出,貫徹黨的十九大精神,完善產(chǎn)權保護制度(improving property rights protection system),依法全面保護各類產(chǎn)權(comprehensively protect property rights in all areas in accordance with law),是建設現(xiàn)代化經(jīng)濟體系、健全社會主義市場經(jīng)濟體制的重要內(nèi)容,有利于增強市場主體創(chuàng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新活力和投資意愿,培育壯大新動能,促進擴大開放,推動經(jīng)濟持續(xù)健康發(fā)展。

會議決定:

盡快清理、修改和廢止與上位法相抵觸、不利于產(chǎn)權保護的各種法規(guī)文件。推進依法行政,嚴防任性執(zhí)法、任意執(zhí)法。
Regulations and documents that are contradictory to the law and go against the protection of property rights will be revised or abolished. The government will ensure administration adheres to the rule of law and that wayward and arbitrary enforcement are strictly prevented.

加大法律援助力度,幫助合法產(chǎn)權受侵害者追回損失。
The government will give more support in legal aid, helping infringement victims to recover losses.

對久拖不決的侵權案件開展集中攻堅,增進企業(yè)家的信心。
Entrepreneurs should be given a confidence boost through the speedy conclusions of a number of key pending infringement cases.

加強執(zhí)法和司法保護力度,從而增加侵權成本,降低維權成本。
Law enforcement and judicial protection will be stepped up to increase the cost of infringements and reduce the cost of rights protection.

維密中國首秀 China debut of Victoria's Secret Fashion Show

The China debut of Victoria's Secret Fashion Show concluded in Shanghai on Monday. It is the first time the US lingerie brand held its annual show outside the US or Europe. The fashion gala offers the public a feast for eyes and has generated animated discussions on social media platforms.
"維多利亞的秘密"時尚秀的中國首秀20日在上海落幕。這是這個美國內(nèi)衣品牌首次在美國或歐洲以外的地方舉辦其年度大秀。這一時尚盛會不僅讓公眾大飽眼福,也在社交媒體平臺上引發(fā)了熱烈討論。

從表演嘉賓(guest performer)接連被曝出局,到超模吉吉·哈迪德等簽證被拒(were denied Chinese visas),"維多利亞的秘密(Victoria's Secret)"中國首秀在舉辦之前就已賺足眼球。20日晚,大秀在上海梅賽德斯奔馳中心拉開帷幕。除了超模們帶來的美輪美奐的內(nèi)衣秀,奚夢瑤走秀時摔跤(fall while walking on the runway)、王思聰因遲到站著看秀(have to stand while watching the show because he was late)等話題也在國內(nèi)社交媒體上吸睛無數(shù)(grab huge attention on China's social media)。

英國廣播公司報道稱,此次大秀,無論是模特、服飾設計還是表演嘉賓,無一不充滿了中國特色(Chinese characteristics),維密討好中國市場(woo the Chinese market)的意圖顯露無遺。報道稱,維密母公司L Brands去年的年度報告稱中國市場是"最優(yōu)先級(top priority)",主席萊斯·韋斯納在報告中寫道:"中國市場太大及太重要,我們不能不擁有它(the China market is too big and too important for us not to own it)。"因此,該品牌如此賣力去接觸中國消費者也就不難理解了(it doesn't come as a surprise that the brand is trying so hard to reach out to Chinese consumers)。維密今年在成都及上海分別開設旗艦店(flagship store),售賣包括內(nèi)衣(underwear)、美妝(beauty products)和配飾(accessories)在內(nèi)的全線產(chǎn)品。另外,維密去年登陸天貓,從電商及實體店兩路進攻中國市場。

中國內(nèi)衣市場(lingerie market)到底有多大?市場研究公司英敏特預測,到2020年,中國內(nèi)衣市場銷售額可達約1480億人民幣。英敏特區(qū)域趨勢總監(jiān)馬修·克拉布稱,在中國辦秀是一招妙棋(staging a show in China is a smart move)。克拉布稱,中國內(nèi)衣市場有高端化的明顯趨勢(a clear trend towards higher end brands)。在中國舉辦活動,是在競爭激烈的市場里提高消費者意識的好辦法(holding an event in China is a great way to raise consumer awareness in a highly competitive market)。

責任督學 educational inspector

Every kindergarten in Beijing will be staffed with an educational inspector to oversee their operation, local authority said on Sunday night.
北京市教委26日晚間表示,市內(nèi)每所幼兒園都要配備一名責任督學,監(jiān)督幼兒園的運營。

責任督學(educational inspector)要對其負責的幼兒園盡快開展掛牌督導,負責做好對幼兒園監(jiān)管(oversee kindergarten operation)、促進幼兒園規(guī)范辦園行為(better regulate their daily running)等工作。各區(qū)還要指導各級各類幼兒園按照相關規(guī)定建立健全家園溝通機制(strengthen communication with parents and communities),引導家長和社區(qū)有序參與園所建設與管理,并指導區(qū)域內(nèi)各幼兒園盡快建立起園所突發(fā)事件應急處理機制(establish emergency mechanism)。

在此次安全大排查中,北京市教委要求,各區(qū)要對區(qū)域內(nèi)各級各類幼兒園在辦園條件、安全衛(wèi)生、保育教育、教職工隊伍和內(nèi)部管理等方面的辦園行為進行全面檢查,建立各級各類幼兒園辦園行為動態(tài)監(jiān)管檔案數(shù)據(jù)庫(establish database based on inspections on the kindergartens' facilities, safety, sanitation, faculty and management),形成制度體系。

廁所革命 toilet revolution

China should continue to upgrade the country's toilets as part of its "toilet revolution" aimed at developing domestic tourism and improving people's quality of life, President Xi Jinping said.
習近平指出,我國要繼續(xù)推進“廁所革命”,發(fā)展國內(nèi)旅游業(yè),提升群眾生活品質(zhì)。

習近平強調(diào),兩年多來,旅游系統(tǒng)堅持不懈推進“廁所革命”,體現(xiàn)了真抓實干、努力解決實際問題的工作態(tài)度和作風(work style of endeavoring to do solid work and solve problems)。旅游業(yè)是新興產(chǎn)業(yè),方興未艾,要像抓“廁所革命”一樣,不斷加強各類軟硬件建設(construct better public facilities),推動旅游業(yè)大發(fā)展(boost the tourism industry)。

習近平指出,廁所問題不是小事情,是城鄉(xiāng)文明建設的重要方面(an important part of urban and rural civilization),不但景區(qū)、城市要抓,農(nóng)村也要抓,要把這項工作作為鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略(rural revitalization strategy)的一項具體工作來推進,努力補齊這塊影響群眾生活品質(zhì)的短板。

“廁所革命”(toilet revolution)是國家旅游局自2015年起在全國范圍內(nèi)開展的旅游廁所建設和管理行動,旨在用三年時間解決旅游廁所的數(shù)量過少(insufficient number of tourist restrooms)、衛(wèi)生質(zhì)量低劣(unhygienic conditions)、以及管理缺位(lack of management)問題。

行動啟動以來,“廁所革命”取得明顯成效。

By the end of October this year, China had installed or upgraded 68,000 toilets at tourist destinations, 19.3 percent more than the target number.
截至今年10月底,全國共新改建旅游廁所6.8萬座,超過目標任務的19.3%。

國家旅游局11月19日發(fā)布《全國旅游廁所建設管理新三年行動計劃(2018-2020)》。按照計劃,從2018到2020年,全國將新建、改擴建旅游廁所6.4萬座(install or upgrade 64,000 toilets at tourist destinations),達到“數(shù)量充足、分布合理,管理有效、服務到位,環(huán)保衛(wèi)生、如廁文明”(to build a sufficient number of reasonably distributed, well-managed, and eco-friendly tourist toilets with considerate services and sound sanitation conditions where civilized behaviors are expected)的新三年目標。

極地旅游 polar tours

Trips to the polar regions have witnessed explosive growth in China in the past few years.
極地旅游近年來在中國呈現(xiàn)出了爆發(fā)式的增長。

“極地旅游”(polar tours/trips to the polar regions),顧名思義,就是前往南極或北極地區(qū)的旅游活動。

According to International Association of Antarctica Tour Operators, China contributed the second largest number of tourists to the South Pole in 2016, next to the United States. The number of Chinese tourists who visited the South Pole reached 3,944 last year, soaring nearly 40 times from the less than 100 in 2008.
根據(jù)國際南極旅游組織協(xié)會統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù),2016年中國已成為全球第二大赴南極旅游客源地,僅次于美國。從2008年的不足100人次到2016年的3944人次,增長了40倍。

隨著市場需求增加,南北極旅游的線路產(chǎn)品日益多樣化,價格也差別很大。旅游服務產(chǎn)品包括南極直飛航班(direct flights to the South Pole)、極地音樂會(concerts at the polar area)、郵輪(cruise trips)或者包船旅行(travel in a chartered ship)等。某知名旅游極地探險事業(yè)部總經(jīng)理介紹,南極游價格整體高于北極游,南極到南極點分三個跨度,南極圈(the Antarctic Circle)、南極圈以內(nèi)(within the Antarctic Circle)和南極點(the South Pole),整體比北極高,從6萬、8萬,到南極點的話60萬每個人,從北極圈(the Arctic Circle)到北極點(the North Pole)差不多是3、4萬到20萬一個人。

隨著旅游人數(shù)的日益增多,如何讓極地旅游和生態(tài)環(huán)境形成良性互動成為業(yè)內(nèi)普遍關注的焦點。游客在出行前都會接受環(huán)保知識以及自身行為規(guī)范方面的培訓(train on environmental protection and code of conduct)。而隨著游客群體的變化,旅游服務產(chǎn)品提供方也要提供更加專業(yè)的導游服務(professional guide)。

(中國日報網(wǎng)英語點津 馬文英)

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